- Finger to nose*
The shoulder is abducted to 90 degrees with the elbow extended. The patient is asked to bring the tip of the index finger to the tip of the nose. Alterations may be made in the initial starting position to assess performance from different planes of motion.
- Finger to finger*
Both shoulders are abducted to 90 degrees with the elbows extended. The patient is asked to bring both hands toward the midline and approximate the index fingers from opposing hands.
- Finger opposition*
The patient touches the tip of the thumb to the tip of each finger in sequence. Speed may be gradually increased.
- Tapping (foot)*
The patient is asked to tap the ball of one foot on the floor without raising the knee; heel maintains contact with floor.
- Alternate heel to knee; heel to toe*
From a supine position the patient is asked to touch the knee and big toe alternately with the heel of the opposite extremity.
- Heel on shin*
From a supine position, the heel of one foot is slid up and down the shin
of the opposite lower extremity.
CN 1
- Olfactory
- Smell
- tested by asking the person to identify items with very specific odors (such as soap, coffee, and cloves) placed under the nose. Each nostril is tested separately.
CN 2 test 1
- Optic nerve
- Vision
-tested by asking the person to read an eye chart. - Peripheral vision is tested by asking the person to detect objects or movement from the corners of the eyes.
CN 2 test 2 (not vision)
-Detection of light
-The ability to detect light is tested by shining a bright light (as from a flashlight)
into each pupil in a darkened room.
CN 3
Oculomotor
- Eye movement (up, down, inward)
- constriction and dilation of pupils in response to light
- raises eye lids (check for drooping)
CN 4
- Trochlear
- Eye movement (down and inward)
CN 5
Trigeminal nerve
- Facial sensation (skin sensation and blink)
- Chewing (clench and then open jaw against resistance)
CN 6
- Abducens nerve
- eye movement (outward)
CN 7
- Facial
- facial expression, taste in the front 2/3 of the tongue, production of saliva and tears
- ask person to smile, open mouth and show teeth, close eyes tightly.
- tast would test using things that are sour, salty, and bitter
CN 8
- Auditory (vestibulocochlear nerve)
- hearing (tuning fork)
- balance (have them walk in straight line)
CN 9
- Glossopharyngeal nerve
- swallowing, gag reflex, and speech
tested with cn10. have person swallow. say ahhhhhh. use tongue blade for gag
CN 10
Vagus nerve
- swallowing, gag reflex, and speech.
- control internal organs (including heart)
- tested with cn9. have person swallow. say ahhhhhh. use tongue blade for gag
CN 11
Accessory nerve
-neck turning and shoulder shrugging (do this against resistance)
CN 12
Hypoglossal nerve
-tongue movement (have them stick out tongue and look for deviations to one side or the other)
sensory of tibial nerve
bottom of foot
sensory of common peroneal nerve
- lateral leg
- dorsal foot
sensory of ulnar nerve
medial hand/fingers
sensory of median nerve
- lateral fingers
- palm
sensory of radial nerve
posterior hand
