Skill, continuum

Question 1

What’s a skill?

Answer 1

• the learned ability to bring about a predetermined result with the minimum outlay of time and energy

Question 2

What’s an ability?

Answer 2

• an enduring characteristic which underlines a persons potential to acquire skill in one sport or another

Question 3

What are the 7 characteristics of a skill?

Answer 3

• ACE FACE
• aesthetically pleasing
• consistent
• efficient
• fluent
• accurate
• controlled
• economical

Question 4

What skill continuum is related to environmental influence?

Answer 4

• open-closed

Question 5

What skill continuum is related to muscular involvement?

Answer 5

• gross-fine

Question 6

What skill continuum is related to pacing?

Answer 6

• externally paced to self paced

Question 7

What skill continuum is related to difficulty?

Answer 7

• basic-complex

Question 8

What skill continuum is related to organisation?

Answer 8

• high-low

Question 9

What skill continuum is related to continuity?

Answer 9

• discrete-serial-continuos

Question 10

What’s the definition of a closed skill?

Answer 10

• internally paced
• limited information processing
• unchanging environments
• habitual

Question 11

What’s the definition of an open skill?

Answer 11

• in changing environments
• perceptual
• need information processing
• externally paced

Question 12

What’s the definition of a gross skill?

Answer 12

• major body movements involving large muscle groups
• don’t recquire high levels of precision

Question 13

What’s the definition of a fine skill?

Answer 13

• intricate movements using small muscle groups
• need high precision/accruacy
• good hand eye coordination

Question 14

What’s a self-paced skill?

Answer 14

• performer decides when to start the movement

Question 15

What’s an externally paced skill?

Answer 15

• environmental factors determine when the performer starts the movement

Question 16

What’s a discrete skill?

Answer 16

• a single specific skill
• often short in duration
• clear beginning and end

Question 17

What’s a serial skill?

Answer 17

• a number of discrete skills chained together
• the first movement triggers the next

Question 18

What’s a continuous skill?

Answer 18

• ongoing movement
• unclear beginning and end

Question 19

What’s a complex skill?

Answer 19

• need information processing
• require decision making
• perceptual

Question 20

Whats a simple skill?

Answer 20

• habitual
• need minimal decision making
• limited information processing

Question 21

What’s a high organisation skill?

Answer 21

• skills difficult to break down into sub-routines

Question 22

What’s a low organisation skill?

Answer 22

• easy to break down into sub-routines

Question 23

What’s a positive transfer of skill?

Answer 23

• where one skill or situation helps the learning and performance of another skill

Question 24

Whats a sporting example of positive transfer?

Answer 24

• the arm action of throwing a ball in cricket helps the action of the racquet arm when serving in tennis

Question 25

What’s negative transfer?

Answer 25

- where one skill or situation hinders the learning and performance of another skill

Question 26

What’s a sporting example of negative transfer?

Answer 26

- the flexed arm in throwing hinders the straight arm recruited for cricket bowling

Question 27

What’s zero transfer?

Answer 27

- when two skills are unrelated in any meaningful way

Question 28

What’s proactive transfer?

Answer 28

- when a previously learned skill affects the current learning or performance of another skill

Question 29

What’s a sporting example of proactive transfer?

Answer 29

- the previously learned action of throwing a ball can affect a new skill that looks similar e.g a serve in volleyball

Question 30

What’s retroactive transfer?

Answer 30

- where the current learning of a new skill effects the performance of a previously learned skill

Question 31

What’s an example of retroactive transfer?

Answer 31

- the current learning of a serve in tennis can affect the previously learned throwing action

Question 32

What’s bilateral transfer?

Answer 32

- the transfer from limb to limb (one side of the body to the other)

Question 33

What’s a sporting example of bilateral transfer?

Answer 33

- a footballer kicking with both the left and right foot