Skin

Question 1

The mnemonic for malignant melanoma ABCDEs

Answer 1

A- Asymmetry
B- Border (scalloped or notched)
C- Color (Very dark or more than 1 color seen)
D- Diameter (>6mm)
E- Evolution (change: bleeding, itchy, painful)

Question 2

Skin cancer is classified as (3)

Answer 2

1. Squamous cell carcinoma
2. Basal call carcinoma
3. Malignant melanoma

Question 3

Skin that is dry, rough, and flaky could be indicative of

Answer 3

Hypothyroidism

Question 4

Skin that is thin may signify (2)

Answer 4

1. Arterial insufficiency

2. Systemic steroid use

Question 5

Increased moisture or profuse sweating could be indicative of (2)

Answer 5

1. Fever

2. Hyperthyroidism

Question 6

Clammy cold skin could be indicative of

Answer 6

1. Shock

2. Low blood pressure

Question 7

Decreased skin moisture could be indicative of

Answer 7

1. Hypothyroidism

2. Dehydration

Question 8

Excessive hair loss (telogen effluvium) may occur with:

Answer 8

1. Infection
2. Hormonal disorders
3. Thyroid disease
4. Liver disease
5. Drug toxicity
6. Stress induced

Question 9

What can cause patchy gray hair?

Answer 9

Nutritional deficiencies

Question 10

Severe malnutrition in African American children may cause what?

Answer 10

Copper-red hair color

Question 11

Excessive scaliness could be indicative of

Answer 11

1. Dermatitis
2. Psoriasis
3. Infection

Question 12

Non-melanoma skin tumors (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma) are often found in what physical exam finding of the hair?

Answer 12

1. Alopecia

Question 13

Beau’s lines (transverse depressions in the nail plate( occur after (2)

Answer 13

1. An acute illness

2. Trauma to the nail (i.e. a manicure)

Question 14

What does Paronychia look like and what is it caused by?

Answer 14

1. Looks swollen, red, painful

2. Bacteria (staph aureus, strep pyogenes)

Question 15

Describe onychomycosis

Answer 15

Fungal infection, yellow thickening and discoloration of the nail

Question 16

• Flat lesion
• No elevation
• No depression
• Less than 1 cm

Answer 16

Macule

Question 17

• Flat lesion
• Greater than 1cm
• Without elevation or depression

Answer 17

Patch

Question 18

• Flat lesion
• Elevated
• Greater than 1cm

Answer 18

Plaque

Question 19

-Elevated but solid lesion, less than 1cm

Answer 19

Papule

Question 20

-Elevated, solid lesion greater than 1cm

Answer 20

Nodule

Question 21

-Elevated, fluid filled lesion, less than 1 cm

Answer 21

Vesicle

Question 22

Elevated, pus-filled lesion, usually less than 1 cm

Answer 22

Pustule

Question 23

Elevated, fluid filled lesion, greater than 1cm

Answer 23

Bulla

Question 24

Accurately describing the skin lesion involves:

Answer 24

1. Primary morphology
2. Size
3. Demarcation
4. Color
5. Secondary morphology
6. Distribution

Question 25

Secondary morphology- | Serum

Answer 25

Crusty (Impetigo)

Question 26

Secondary morphology- Fissure

Answer 26

Groove/cleft (Psoriasis)

Question 27

Secondary morphology- Lichenification

Answer 27

Thickening of the skin (Chronic rubbing, lichen simplex chronicus)

Question 28

Secondary morphology- Erosion

Answer 28

Partial loss of epidermis (scratching, minor skin injury)

Question 29

Secondary morphology- Ulceration

Answer 29

Pressure ulcer

Question 30

Secondary morphology- Scaling

Answer 30

Psoriasis, Ichthyosis

Question 31

Distribution: Extensor

Answer 31

Psoriasis

Question 32

Distribution: Generalized

Answer 32

Viral, drug reaction

Question 33

Distribution: Photodistributive

Answer 33

Lupus, dermatomyositis

Question 34

Mole (Nevi) exam:

Answer 34

1. How many moles are there? (remove jewlery) 2. How are they distributed? (Take 1 and 2 for the physical exam, head down to toes) Run your fingers over it

Question 35

A normal mole is

Answer 35

Symmetric | Less than 6cm

Question 36

Rashes related to a new drug usually stary

Answer 36

7-14 days after exposure. It can take 1-2 weeks after stopping for it to go away.

Question 37

A rash involving the extensor surfaces? Think _____. A rash involving the extensor surfaces? Think ______.

Answer 37

Psoriasis. | Atopic dermatitis.

Question 38

Classic presentation for Psoriasis.

Answer 38

``` Auspitz sign (pinpoint bleeding when scale is scraped). ```

Question 39

Causes of generalized itching, without | apparent

Answer 39

``` rash, include dry skin; pregnancy; uremia; jaundice; lymphomas and leukemia; drug reactions; and, less commonly, polycythemia vera and thyroid disease. ```