Slides 5

Question 1

What is management?

Answer 1

A process designed to achieve an organization’s objectives by using its resources effectively and efficiently in a changing environment.

Question 2

What does it mean to achieve objectives effectively?

Answer 2

Having the intended result.

Question 3

What does it mean to achieve objectives efficiently?

Answer 3

Accomplishing objectives with a minimum of resources.

Question 4

Who are managers?

Answer 4

Individuals in organizations who make decisions about the use of resources.

Question 5

What are the main functions of management?

Answer 5

Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling.

Question 6

What is staffing in management?

Answer 6

Hiring people to carry out the work of the organization.

Question 7

What does the term downsizing refer to?

Answer 7

Reducing the number of employees or operations.

Question 8

What is the purpose of financial resources in management?

Answer 8

Needed to pay for essential activities.

Question 9

What is the planning function of management?

Answer 9

Process of determining the organization’s objectives and deciding how to accomplish them.

Question 10

What are the types of plans in management?

Answer 10

• Strategic plans
• Tactical plans
• Operational plans
• Crisis management or contingency planning

Question 11

What does organizing involve in management?

Answer 11

Structuring resources and activities to accomplish objectives efficiently and effectively.

Question 12

What are the benefits of organizing?

Answer 12

• Creates synergy
• Establishes lines of authority
• Improves communication
• Helps avoid duplication of resources
• Can improve competitiveness

Question 13

What is the directing function of management?

Answer 13

Motivating and leading employees to achieve organizational objectives.

Question 14

What does controlling in management entail?

Answer 14

Evaluating and correcting activities to keep the organization on course.

Question 15

What are the five activities involved in the controlling process?

Answer 15

• Measuring performance
• Comparing present performance with standards or objectives
• Identifying deviations from standards
• Investigating causes of deviations
• Taking corrective action when necessary

Question 16

Who is included in top management?

Answer 16

The president and other top executives such as CEO, CFO, COO.

Question 17

What is the primary focus of middle management?

Answer 17

Responsible for tactical and operational planning that implements general guidelines established by top management.

Question 18

What is the role of first-line management?

Answer 18

Responsible for implementing plans established by middle management and directing workers’ daily performance.

Question 19

What are the areas of management?

Answer 19

• Financial Manager
• Production and Operations Manager
• Human Resources Manager
• Marketing Manager
• Information Technology (IT) Manager
• Administrative Manager

Question 20

What skills are needed by managers?

Answer 20

• Technical Expertise
• Conceptual Skills
• Analytical Skills
• Human Relations Skills

Question 21

What is leadership in management?

Answer 21

The ability to influence employees to work toward organizational goals.

Question 22

List the leadership styles.

Answer 22

• Autocratic
• Democratic
• Free-rein
• Authentic

Question 23

What is employee empowerment?

Answer 23

Occurs when employees are provided with the ability to take on responsibilities and make decisions about their jobs.

Question 24

What is the first step in the decision-making process?

Answer 24

Recognizing and defining the decision situation.

Question 25

What does developing options involve?

Answer 25

Creating a list of possible courses of action that includes both standard and creative plans.

Question 26

What is the focus of selecting the best option in decision-making?

Answer 26

Analyzing risks and trade-offs.

Question 27

What is the final step in the decision-making process?

Answer 27

Monitoring the consequences to see if the decision accomplished the desired result.

Question 28

What is organizational culture?

Answer 28

A firm’s shared values, beliefs, traditions, philosophies, rules, and role models for behavior.

Question 29

What is the purpose of organizational structure?

Answer 29

The arrangement of positions within an organization.

Question 30

What does specialization do in task assignment?

Answer 30

Divides labor into small, specific tasks.

Question 31

What are common ways to departmentalize?

Answer 31

* By function * By product * By geographic region * By customer

Question 32

What is functional departmentalization?

Answer 32

The grouping of jobs that perform similar functional activities.

Question 33

What is product departmentalization?

Answer 33

The organization of jobs in relation to the products of the firm.

Question 34

What is the degree of centralization?

Answer 34

Extent to which authority is delegated throughout an organization.

Question 35

What is a centralized organization?

Answer 35

Authority is concentrated at the top; little decision-making is delegated to lower levels.

Question 36

What is a decentralized organization?

Answer 36

Decision-making authority is delegated as far down the chain of command as possible.

Question 37

What is the degree of centralization in an organization?

Answer 37

Extent to which authority is delegated throughout an organization

Question 38

In centralized organizations, where is authority concentrated?

Answer 38

At the top

Question 39

In decentralized organizations, where is decision-making authority delegated?

Answer 39

As far down the chain of command as possible

Question 40

What does span of management refer to?

Answer 40

The number of subordinates who report to a particular manager

Question 41

What characterizes a wide span of management?

Answer 41

A manager directly supervises a very large number of employees

Question 42

What characterizes a narrow span of management?

Answer 42

A manager directly supervises only a few subordinates

Question 43

What are organizational layers?

Answer 43

The levels of management in an organization

Question 44

What is a tall organization characterized by?

Answer 44

Many layers and a narrow span of management

Question 45

What is a flat organization characterized by?

Answer 45

Few layers and a wide span of management

Question 46

In the context of span of management, what does Gina's 200 employees represent?

Answer 46

Her span of management

Question 47

What is the simplest organizational structure?

Answer 47

Line Structure

Question 48

What does the line-and-staff structure involve?

Answer 48

Traditional line relationship between superiors and subordinates with specialized managers assisting line managers

Question 49

What is a multidivisional structure?

Answer 49

Organizes departments into larger groups called divisions

Question 50

What is a matrix structure?

Answer 50

Sets up teams from different departments; creates two or more intersecting lines of authority

Question 51

What is a group?

Answer 51

Two or more individuals who communicate with one another, share a common identity, and have a common goal

Question 52

What is a team?

Answer 52

Small group whose members have complementary skills; have a common purpose, goals, and approach; and hold themselves accountable

Question 53

What is a committee?

Answer 53

Permanent, formal group that performs a specific task

Question 54

What is a task force?

Answer 54

Temporary group of employees responsible for bringing about a particular change

Question 55

What types of teams are mentioned?

Answer 55

* Project teams * Product-development teams * Quality-assurance teams * Self-directed work teams

Question 56

What are formal communication channels?

Answer 56

Intentionally defined and designed by the organization

Question 57

What does informal organization consist of?

Answer 57

Friendships and other nonwork social relationships

Question 58

What is the most significant informal type of communication?

Answer 58

The grapevine

Question 59

Why is monitoring communications necessary in the workplace?

Answer 59

Technological advances and increased use of electronic communication

Question 60

What can failure to monitor employees’ use of technology lead to?

Answer 60

Costly consequences

Question 61

How is artificial intelligence impacting workplace monitoring?

Answer 61

Significantly impacting monitoring, benchmarking, and understanding how employees feel about their jobs

Question 62

What should organizations encourage to improve communication effectiveness?

Answer 62

* Employees to provide feedback, even if negative * Managers to listen * Avoid interruptions * Develop strong communication channels * Communicate policies throughout the organization

Question 63

Fill in the blank: All teams are ______, but not all groups are teams.

Answer 63

groups

Question 64

What is the importance of organizational culture?

Question 65

How do organizational structures develop?

Question 66

How do specialization and departmentalization help an organization?

Answer 66

Achieve its goals

Question 67

How do organizations assign responsibility for tasks?

Question 68

What are some common forms of organizational structure?

Question 69

Distinguish between groups and teams.

Question 70

Identify the types of groups that exist in organizations.

Question 71

Describe how communication occurs in organizations.