Socialisation

Question 1

Outline socialisation

Answer 1

the process of learning norms and values of a particular society

Question 2

What are the two types of socialisation

Answer 2

Primary and secondary

Question 3

Outline primary socialisation

Answer 3

learning norms and values in early years of life (usually through the family and education)

Question 4

Outline secondary socialisation

Answer 4

the continuation of the learning process until death

Question 5

Outline re-socialisation

Answer 5

the process of adapting to new norms and values

Question 6

What are the 6 agents of socialisation

Answer 6

1. family
2. education
3. peer groups
4. workplace
5. media
6. religion

Question 7

What can the agents of socialisation been seen as

Answer 7

mechanisms of social control

Question 8

Outline social control

Answer 8

mechanisms used by society to regulating behaviour and maintaining social order

Question 9

What can social control be

Answer 9

Formal (aware) and informal (unaware)

Question 10

How is behaviour controlled and reinforced

Answer 10

through either positive or negative sanctions

Question 11

What are parents seen as to their children?

Answer 11

Role models. Children will imitate the behaviours and attitudes of their parents

Question 12

What are peer groups

Answer 12

individuals of a similar age group to you

Question 13

what is the family

Answer 13

Relationships based on blood, marriage, adoption or friendship

Question 14

How does the nature vs nurture debate relate to socialisation in the family?

Answer 14

Both nature and nurture work together in the family to shape the behaviour of children.
Nature=innate traits
Nurture=environment, parenting style, cultural influence

Question 15

How many curriculums are their in education

Answer 15

Two; formal and hidden

Question 16

What do functionalists say about the hidden curriculum?

Answer 16

Exists to teach children the norms, values and morals (a value consensus) of a meritocratic society and helps to allocate people to roles

Question 17

According to the Marxist, Althusser, what is education apart of

Answer 17

Ideological State Apparatus (ISA). Keeps working-class children in a false class consciousness, meaning they are unaware of their exploitation

Question 18

What do Marxists say about the hidden curriculum?

Answer 18

Bowles and Gintis argues that it legitimises class inequality by being similar to work, fragmenting subjects and through sanctions

Question 19

What did Skelton and Francis say about peer groups

Answer 19

play in primary school are very gendered in the classroom and on the playground

Question 20

What did Lees say about peer groups

Answer 20

Pressure is put onto teenage girls by their peers. There are double standards on sexual behaviour

Question 21

What did Harris say about peer groups

Answer 21

Peer groups are more influential than the family in shaping identity. There’s a “pull effect” where conforming is stronger than pressure

Question 22

What did New Right Thinker, Sewell, say about peer groups

Answer 22

We associate ourselves with those who are similar to us, e.g. staying in our cultural comfort zones

Question 23

What age group is the workplace a key agent of socialisation

Answer 23

adults

Question 24

How does the workplace socialise individuals

Answer 24

Formally, through policies and codes of conduct, and informally, through discussions with colleagues

Question 25

What did Waddington find and say about the workplace ## Footnote links to crime and deviance

Answer 25

Waddington proposed that there is a 'canteen culture' with police officers, arguing that it helps them cope with their stressful jobs. It can be argued that it shows how the CJS is intuitionally racist