Society

Question 1

someone who can’t pay their debts

Answer 1

bankrupt, go bankrupt, be declared bankrupt

Question 2

to do things that are morally wrong in order to get money or power

Answer 2

corrupt, morally corrupt

Question 3

to reduce it or to reduce the amount of it that you use

Answer 3

cut back on smth

• they’ve done a lot to cut back the bureaucracy
• the bank is cutting back on staff
• I’ve managed to cut back my coffee consumption

Question 4

being in a very difficult situation and want or need something very badly

Answer 4

1) be desperate for something 2) be desperate to do something
- the hungrier people are, the more desperate they are
- he’s desperate to get a job
- the people desperately need food
- people are heading for the cities in desperation

Question 5

examine all the facts that they can find about it in order to decide exactly what happened

Answer 5

an investigation into something

Question 6

the process of investigation

Answer 6

1) an investigation is underway

2) an ongoing investigation

Question 7

pure or total,

including everything that is possible or necessary

Answer 7

thorough

• a thorough understanding of the business
• a thorough investigation

Question 8

verbs wich follow with investigation

Answer 8

conduct
launch
carry out

Question 9

you don’t have enough money to pay for the things that you regularly have to pay for

Answer 9

make ends meet

Question 10

the speed at which it happens // speed or rate

Answer 10

pace

the pace of something | (at) a slow/gentle/ leisurely pace | a brisk/fast pace

Question 11

speed temp

Answer 11

a brisk pace

Question 12

less business activity in a country

Answer 12

recession

• an economic recession
• the economy could sink into recession again

Question 13

not enough of smth

Answer 13

shortage

• there are a lot of water shortages
• a desperate shortage of medical supplies

Question 14

word, which describes people, who are not strict enough and if they allow things to happen that they do not want

Answer 14

be soft on smth/someone

Question 15

work of teaching people

Answer 15

tuition

• they put up tuition fees for students again
• he gave us some extra tuition

Question 16

weaken smth or make it less effective

= destroy, disrupt (пример с самооценкой)

Answer 16

undermine

• criticising her will seriously undermine her confidence
• their policies are undermining national unity

Question 17

attack someone violently

Answer 17

assault
physically/brutally assault someone | verbally assault someone
- she was savagely assaulted
- he was accused of assaulting a student

Question 18

successfully record smth

Answer 18

capture

- it was all captured on film

Question 19

to do everything that is involved in that particular task or piece of work

Answer 19

to carry out a task or a piece of work

• we need to carry out more research
• the police will carry out an investigation
• they carried out a survey

Question 20

demand smth

Answer 20

claim / claimant

Question 21

a statement that someone makes which they say is true, but which some people believe is not true

Answer 21

claim

• her claim is entirely false
• the judge dismissed his claim

Question 22

a court orders a person or organisation to give you money because they have made you suffer in some way

Answer 22

• win damages
• award someone damages
• claim damages
• the court awarded her substantial damages
• she’s claiming damages for the injuries she suffered

Question 23

someone who leaves school, college, or university before they finish their course of studies (noun + verb), OUT!

Answer 23

dropout (noun)

• dropouts often complain that their classes were too boring
• a pair of college dropouts who couldn’t find work
• school dropout rates were rising

Question 24

it seems to be more than is necessary or reasonable

Answer 24

excessive

• do something to excess
• an excess of something

an excess of chemicals in the water | he drinks, but not to excess | cycling is a good way to lose excess weight

Question 25

a group that tries to influence people’s opinions or achieve political change

Answer 25

pressure group - an environmental pressure group - an anti-smoking pressure group

Question 26

make an official decision and announce it (verb) / judgments / courts (связано с правилом!)

Answer 26

rule that / rule in favor of someone / rule against | - the judge made a ruling in favour of the defendant

Question 27

they decide officially that the claim or decision was right

Answer 27

uphold - her claim was upheld in court - his conviction was upheld by the court of appeal

Question 28

opposite to uphold

Answer 28

overturn

Question 29

the fact of being present somewhere where you are meant to be or have paid to be

Answer 29

attendance compulsory attendance | regular attendance | church/school attendance |

Question 30

a plant such as wheat or corn that is grown by farmers in order to sell

Answer 30

crop | a cash crop | a staple crop | grow/cultivate a crop

Question 31

trend or process involves something getting worse or decreasing (вниз)

Answer 31

downward - these measures could reverse the downward spiral - the downward population trend slowed down

Question 32

actions taken by a government or organisation to help solve a problem

Answer 32

measure - we need to implement a range of measures - the company is introducing new safety measures

Question 33

think about smth a lot

Answer 33

reflect on smth | - Paul reflected on an enjoyable and successful year

Question 34

collocates with straightforward

Answer 34

- relatively/fairly straightforward - perfectly straightforward - a straightforward matter/case

Question 35

collocates with strain (быть под / и с фразовым глаголом)

Answer 35

- be under strain - put a strain on something - this puts a great strain on scarce resources - the holiday put a real strain on our finances

Question 36

the amount of crops that are grown on it in one season

Answer 36

the yield of an area of land | - better farming techniques will increase crop yields