Sociology Final

Question 1

Deindividuation

Answer 1

term coined by Leon Festinger for a socio-psychological phenomenon, stemming from feelings of anonymity. interactionist view of explaining positve/negative deviance

Question 2

Functionalism

Answer 2

predicated on the organismic view of society. social facts exist and persist to the extent that they are functional to the organism

Question 3

Conflict Theory

Answer 3

• reject the organismic metaphor
• social facts exist and persist to the extent that they are useful for powerful groups
• there are different varieties of conflict theory based on the inequities prioritized

Question 4

Symbolic Interactionism

Answer 4

• people do not only experience reality, they interpret it
• people are subjects not objects

Question 5

Robert Merton

Answer 5

• American sociologist
• Functionalist
• Manifest vs Laten Functions
• Structural Strain Theory (Anomie)

Question 6

Michelle Alexandr

Answer 6

Author of “The New Jim Crow” which argued that US drug laws represent a willful effort to use the law to maintain white supremacy after the Civil Rights movement.

Question 7

James Wilson + George Kelling

Answer 7

• Broken Windows Theory which was controversially put into practive in NYC in the 1990s and 2000s.
• Interactionistic approach to a decrease in crime based on deindividuation

Question 8

Broken Windows Theory

Answer 8

James Wilson + George Kelling’s argument that crime and violence are deeply linked to perceptions of public order and feelings of deindividuation. Interactionistic and situational explanation of the increase and decreases of deviance

Question 9

Martin Gilens and Ben Page

Answer 9

political scientists that structured political influence in the US and found a clear connection with wealth

Question 10

Weber’s Tri-Partite Model of Social Stratification

Answer 10

Weber argued that 3 factors tend to shape a persons “life chances” - aka, the place in a stratification system.
Class: Economic Power
Status: prestige/social honor
Party: group mentorship/political power

Question 11

Social Stratification

Answer 11

Term used to describe the micro-level systems of structural/institutional inequalities that shape an individual’s access to social desirables (life-chances)