What are the 3 categories of software?
- Compilers(interpreters)
- application software
- system software
**what is the location of the software programs? **
location: stored in the memory
What are the functions of the software programs?
- provides instructions to the computer
- designed to solve problems
3 in total
What are the functions of a computer?
- follows instructions to precisely perform an operation
- arithematic and comparisons
- execute instructions quicky and accurately
____ are a step by step written instructions in a natural language
algorithms
What are the features/ characteristics of an algorithm?
- error prone generalities which are ambigous
- They are translated into the vocabulary of a programming language(syntax)
5 in total
What are the languages of computers?
- Natural language - spoken by humans (algorithms)
- High-level languages - fall b/w human and machine language (python, java and C++)
- Compilers - interprets or translates high level language into machine language
- A low-level language is a type of computer language that works very closely with the hardware. It is harder for humans to read but allows direct control over the computer’s components. or every instruction in a low-level language like assembly, there is a direct equivalent instruction in the computer’s machine language (binary code).
- Machine languahe - uses numeric code to represent the data (binary)
3 components in total
What does the system software comprise of ?
- OS
- Utility programs
- Device drivers
______ are specialized software tools designed to help manage, optimize, and maintain the functionality of a computer system. They perform specific tasks that support the operating system and improve the computer’s performance, security, and usability.
Provide some examples too
utility programs
Eg: dis cleanup tool, file management system and antivirus
is software that helps the operating system communicate with hardware devices like printers, keyboards, or graphics cards, ensuring they work properly
Provide some examples
Device driver
eg: computer printers, graphic cards, modems, network cards and sound cards
What is an Operating system?
A software that controls and coordinates the computer hardware devices and runs other softwarre and applications on a computer
total - 7 points
What are the functions of an operating system ?
Communication with peripherals
Coordination of concurrent processing
Memory management
Monitoring of resources and security
Management of programs and data
Coordinating network communications
____ is when an application or program is being executed
Process
Where does the OS lives?
- some computers store their OS in the ROM
- Some only include a part in the ROM, rest are loaded in the memory (booting)
Who owns the processes?
Some are owned by the user and some are owned by the OS
What is the process of booting
- Power on
- BIOS is loaded
- BIOS then loads first sector into HDD
- 1st sector contains core part of OS
- OS then runs and completes loading
____ is what user sees on the screen
User interface
What are the 2 major types of interface?
- command line interface
- graphical user interface
_______ is the kind of interface wherein user interacts using characters- symbols,letters and numbers
Command-line interface
_____ is the type of interface wherein the user interacts using a pointing device and it includes; windows, pull down menus and icons
Graphic user interface
______ is provided by OS to users as tools to manage a computer, its devices or its programs
give examples
utility programs
eg: file mamger, antivirus, disk cleanup, file compression, backup and restore, search, image viewer etc
_______ is a small program that tells an OS how to communicate with a specific device
Device driver
____ and ___ automatically configures new devices once installed or connected
Plug and play
Nmae different OS categories
Desktop, server and mobile
