Logs
If a software error does occur then the same characteristics as a hardware error should be logged. The things such as the time/date of the error, the user that was logged in and the problem history should be logged in
Software tools
Ping
Traceroute
Route
Baseline software
A comparison of the system is like after a crash compared to a fixed point in time beforehand. The baseline can be used to see differences which may have caused the computer to fail.
Common faults
Unexpected software behaviour
Software freeze
Unexpected rebooting
Common troubleshooting
Restart computer, make sure the cooling system is working, check power cord, scan for viruses and malware