Soil Sci Lab (Exercise 3)

Question 1

movement of nutrients in water flowing towards the root

Answer 1

Mass flow

Question 2

True or False

Root interception is the movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient from high to low

Answer 2

False

Correct Answer: DIffusion

Question 3

roots explore new soil areas containing unused soil nutrients

Answer 3

root interception

Question 4

• Move within the plant
• old to young leaves

Answer 4

mobile nutrients

Question 5

• Stay in place
• Cannot move easily within the plant

Answer 5

immobile nutrients

Question 6

Analogy

Mobile nutrients : old leaves ; Immobile nutrients : ____

Answer 6

young leaves

Question 7

what are the mobile elements

Answer 7

• N
• P
• K
• Mg
• Mo
• Cl
• Ni

Question 8

what are the immobile elements

Answer 8

• B
• Ca
• Fe
• S
• Zn
• Cu
• Mn

Question 9

• observable physical traits manifested by the crop due to a deficiency of an essential element
• They usually show up as visual signs in the plant

Answer 9

symptoms

Question 10

yellowing due to reduction in chlorophyll

Answer 10

chlorosis

Question 11

what are the types of chlorosis

Answer 11

1. interveinal chlorosis
2. uniform chlorosis

Question 12

causes of chlorosis

Answer 12

• Nutrient Deficiency (N, Fe, Mg, S)
• Poor Drainage
• pH Imbalance
• Pests & Diseases

Question 13

True or False

Uniform chlorosis is the yellowing between veins

Answer 13

False

Correct answer: Interveinal chlorosis

Question 14

True or False

Interveinal chlorosis is caused by Fe or Mg deficiency while Uniform chlorosis is caused by N deficiency

Answer 14

True

Question 15

entire leaf turns yellow

Answer 15

uniform chlorosis

Question 16

death of plant tissue

Answer 16

necrosis

Question 17

causes of necrosis

Answer 17

• Nutrient Deficiencies (e.g., K, Ca, Mg)
• Water Stress
• Toxins
• Pests & Diseases

Question 18

what are the five general types of nutrient deficiency symptoms

Answer 18

1. chlorosis
2. necrosis
3. stunting
4. abnormal coloration
5. rosetting

Question 19

causes of stunting

Answer 19

• Nutrient Deficiency (N, P, K)
• Water Stress
• Pests & Diseases
• Environmental Stress

Question 20

types of abnormal coloration

Answer 20

• chlorosis
• necrosis
• purpling
• reddening
• bronzing

Question 21

True or False

Purpling is caused by phosphorus deficiency

Answer 21

True

Question 22

reddening is caused by?

Answer 22

stress response or anthocyanin buildup

Question 23

this is caused by excess light, salt stress, or heavy metal toxicity

Answer 23

bronzing

Question 24

causes of abnormal coloration

Answer 24

• Nutrient Deficiency (e.g., N, P, K, Fe, Mg)
• Water Stress
• pH Imbalance
• Pests & Diseases
• Environmental Stress

Question 25

lack of new or terminal growth

Answer 25

rosetting

Question 26

causes of rosetting

Answer 26

* Nutrient Deficiency (Boron, Zinc) * Hormonal Imbalance (Gibberellin deficiency) * Pest & Disease Damage * Environmental Stress

Question 27

blossom end rot in tomatoes are caused by?

Answer 27

Ca deficiency

Question 28

optimum pH range acceptable for most plants

Answer 28

6.0 - 7.5

Question 29

Caused by pests, fungi, bacteria, or viruses

Answer 29

pathological symptoms

Question 30

Caused by lack of essential nutrients

Answer 30

deficiency symptoms

Question 31

# Analogy Pathological symptoms : ____ ; Deficiency symptoms : uniform pattern

Answer 31

irregular pattern

Question 32

what are the available forms of the following: 1. N 2. P 3. K 4. Ca 5. Mg 6. S 7. B 8. Cl 9. Cu 10. Fe 11. Mn 12. Mo 13. Zn 14. Ni

Answer 32

1. NO₃⁻ & NH₄⁺ 2. H₂PO₄⁻ & HPO₄²⁻ 3. K+ 4. Ca²⁺ 5. Mg²⁺ 6. SO₄²⁻ 7. H₂BO₃⁻ & H₃BO₃ 8. Cl⁻ 9. Cu²⁺ 10. Fe²⁺ & Fe³⁺ 11. Mn²⁺ 12. MoO₄²⁻ 13. Zn²⁺ 14. Ni²⁺