specific cells

Question 1

red blood cell (no nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum)

Answer 1

1. contains haemoglobin → which binds easily with oxygen and transports it around the body
2. circular, biconcave shape → increasing surface area to volume ratio for faster diffusion of oxygen in and out of the cell
3. lacks nucleus → to store more haemoglobin for transportation of oxygen

Question 2

root hair cells (numerous mitochondria → ATP for active transport)

Answer 2

1. long and narrow root hair extension → increase surface area to volume ratio for faster osmosis of water molecules and diffusion of mineral salts in and out of cell

Question 3

xylem vessels (cellulose cell wall, dead tissues, no cell content)

Answer 3

1. long, hollow and continuous tubes without cross-walls → to transport water from roots to leaves with no obstruction
2. lacks protoplasm → so there is no resistance to water flow
3. walls thickened with lignin → to provide structural/mechanical support and prevent collapse of vessel during transport of water