SPIROCHETES

Question 1

Microscopes to visualize spirochetes

Answer 1

Dark field
Fluorescence
Phase Contrast

Question 2

Loosely Coiled

Answer 2

Borrelia

Question 3

Tightly coiled w/ corkscrew motility

Answer 3

Treponema

Question 4

Slightly coiled w/ HOOKED ENDS

Answer 4

Leptospira

Question 5

Spirochetes:

Arthropod vectors including lice and ticks
“stretched spirals”

Answer 5

Borellia

Question 6

BORELLIA

Agent: Louse Borne Relapsing Fever
Vector: Human louse (Pediculus humanus)

Answer 6

B. recurrentis (EPIDEMIC)

Question 7

BORELLIA

Agent: Tick-borne Relapsing Fever
Vector: Ornithodoros ticks

Answer 7

B. anserine, toricatae, parkeri (ENDEMIC)

Question 8

BORELLIA

Agent: Lyme disease

Answer 8

B. burgdorferi

Question 9

BORELLIA

B. burgdogferi is transmitted via

Answer 9

Tick vectors IXODES DAMMINI/DEER TICKS

Question 10

Stages of LYME DISEASE

Answer 10

1. Lesion ; Erythrema chronicum
2. dissemination through blood
3. neurological abnormalities; arthritis

Question 11

TREPONEMA

Lab Diagnosis

Answer 11

Dark Field - Corkscrew motility
Levaditi silver
Serology

Question 12

TREPONEMA

Serology:

Screening
Confirmatory

Answer 12

Screening
- VDRL
- RPR
- TRUST (Reagin Test)

Confirmatory
- FTA-ABS
- TPHA
- MHA-TP
HATTS

Question 13

TREPONEMA

T. pallidum t. pallidum

Answer 13

Venereal Syphilis (Great pox, Evil pox, French/Italian/Spanish)

Question 14

TREPONEMA

Primary Syphilis

Answer 14

Hard Chancre (painless and firm)

Spx: swab, aspirate

Question 15

TREPONEMA

Secondary Syphilis

Answer 15

Condylomata lata (wart-like lesions)

Spx: serum

Question 16

TREPONEMA

Latent Syphilis

Answer 16

Asymptomatic (+) serologic

Question 17

TREPONEMA

Tertiary syphilis

Answer 17

Neurosyphilis (Tabes dorsalis)
Gummas

Spx: CSF
Screening: VDRL
Confirmatory: FTA-ABS

Question 18

T. pallidum sub pertenue

Answer 18

Yaws/Framboise “pertenYAWS”

MOT: skin contact with inf. lesion

Question 19

T. pallidum sub endemicum

Answer 19

Bejel

MOT: mouth to mouth

Question 20

T. carateum

Answer 20

Pinta “Si cara ay gusto mag pinta”

MOT: skin contact with lesion

Question 21

TREPONEMA

Destructive lesions of gums

Answer 21

Vincent’s disease

Question 22

Tightly coiled with hooked ends

Answer 22

Leptospira

Question 23

LEPTOSPIRA

Nonpathogenic, found in water and soil

Answer 23

L. biflexa

Question 24

LEPTOSPIRA

Human and animal leptospirosis
Involves: Liver, Kidney, CNS
1 hook

Answer 24

L. interrogans

Question 25

LEPTOSPIRA Severe form of Leptospirosis

Answer 25

Weil's disease

Question 26

LEPTOSPIRA Specimen 1st week

Answer 26

Blood/CSF Tissue (Acute)

Question 27

LEPTOSPIRA Specimen 2nd week

Answer 27

Urine (Chronic)

Question 28

LEPTOSPIRA Culture Media

Answer 28

1. Ellinghausen-Mccoulough 2. Fletcher's 3. Stuarts

Question 29

LEPTOSPIRA Screening

Answer 29

Macroscopic Agglutination Test serum + Ag (killed lepto) = + agglu

Question 30

LEPTOSPIRA Confirmatory

Answer 30

Microscopic Agglutination Test serum + Ag (live lepto) = + agglu in DF