Giemsa
Borrelia, plasmodium, trypanosomes, Chlamydia
PAS (periodic acid-schiff)
Stains glycogen, mucopolysaccharides; used to diagnose Whipple’s disease (Tropheryma whippeli)
Pathoma: Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency - mutated protein accumulates in cytoplasm of hepatocytes –> pink PAS+ globules in hepatocytes
Ziehl-Neelsen (carbol fuchsin)
Acid-fast organisms
India ink
Cryptococcosis neoformans (mucicarmine can also be used to stain thick polysaccharide capsule red)
Silver stain
Fungi (e.g. Pneumocystis), Legionella