Staphylococci

Question 1

Staphylococci

• gram?
• shape?
• live in high salt concentration

Answer 1

• gram POSITIVE
• coccus shape
• HALODURIC

Question 2

Coagulase Test (2)
- what does clumping factor bind to?

Answer 2

Slide Test
Tube Test
- binds to fibrinogen

Question 3

Staphylococci Species

- Coagulase Positive?

Answer 3

• Staphylococcus aureus

Question 4

Staphylococci Species

- Coagulase Negative

Answer 4

• Staphylococcus epidermis

- Staphylococcus saprophyticus

Question 5

Staphylococcus aureus

• ___ pathogen
• can cause?
• some strain ___ to many antibiotics

Answer 5

• Opportunistic
• septicemia
• resistant

Question 6

Staphylococcus epidermidis

• ____ colonizer
• produce ___
• where affects?

Answer 6

• Skin
• capsule
• implanted devices (catheters)

Question 7

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

• colonizer of ___
• pathogenesis linked to _____

Answer 7

• inguinal region

- adhesions

Question 8

S.aureus - Colonization

• where?
• how transmitted?
• surface proteins ___ host proteins using ___

Answer 8

• skin, mucous membranes
• person-person + fomites
• bind, adhesions

Question 9

S.aureus - Characteristics

• intra/extracellular?
• pus producing infection
• forms ____

Answer 9

• intracellular
• pyogenic
• forms abscesses

Question 10

S.aureus - Local Infections (3)

Answer 10

• Skin Abscesses
• Deep Abscesses
• Impetigo

Question 11

Furuncle

Answer 11

boil

infection of hair folicle

Question 12

infection of hair folicle

Answer 12

furuncle

Question 13

Carbuncles

Answer 13

infection of several hair follicles

Question 14

Impetigo

• what is it?
• 2 forms?

Answer 14

• superficial skin infection
• non-bullous = pimple with pus
• bullous - fluid filled blisters

Question 15

Ecthyma

Answer 15

pus-filled sore

Question 16

S.aureus - Systemic infections (3)

Answer 16

• septicemia
• pneumonia
• endocarditis

Question 17

Osteomyelitis

• infection of ___
• from ___ or ____

Answer 17

• bone/bone marrow

- hematogenous spread or fractures

Question 18

S.aureus - Toxin Mediated

• infection ___
• effects ___
• release of ___

Answer 18

• localized
• systematic
• toxic proteins

Question 19

Toxic Shock Syndrome

• symptoms (4)
• 2 forms?

Answer 19

• acute fever, low BP, rash, desquamation

- menstrual vs nonmenstrual

Question 20

Toxic Shock Syndrome

• secreted toxins release ____
• ___ T-cell activation
• leads to?

Answer 20

• super antigens
• more T-cell
• cytokine storm, vascular leakage, organ failure

Question 21

Bacteria produce proteins that interfere with? (3)

Answer 21

• rolling + activation
• complement deposition
• chemotaxis

Question 22

Immune Evasion Mechanisms (2)

Answer 22

1) Toxins kill leukocytes

2) Resistance to Antibody Mediated Phagocytosis

Question 23

Toxins kill leukocytes

• ___ toxins kill ___
• ___ in membrane leads to ___ of cell

Answer 23

• cytolytic, WBC

- holes, lysis

Question 24

Resistance to Antibody Mediated Phagocytosis

• which strain?
• binds __ portion of __
• antibodies bound _____
• ___ __ receptor __ recognize
• NO _____

Answer 24

• Staphylococcal Protein A
• Fc, IgG
• phagocyte, Fc-receptor, can’t
• NO complement pathway

Question 25

Methicillin Resistant S.aureus (2) | - where found?

Answer 25

1) hospitals | 2) community acquired

Question 26

Why hospitals Methicillin Resistant S.aureus?

Answer 26

lots of resistant mechanisms

Question 27

Why community acquired Methicillin Resistant S.aureus?

Answer 27

- lack of exposure to health care - skin infections - necrotizing pneumonia

Question 28

Livestock Associated MRSA | - ___ strains ____ in livestock, which has ____ back to ____

Answer 28

- MRSA, evolved, transmit, humans