Politics > states & globalisation > Flashcards

states & globalisation Flashcards

(64 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

Give examples of multinational states

A
  • France
  • Canada
  • russia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Give examples of a stateless nation

A
  • Kurdistan
  • Scotland
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is nation state?

A

Refers to any sovereign state eg: UK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What was the impact on sovereignty to the Brexit referendum?

A
  • reasserted national sovereignty as it rejected pooled sovereignty with supranational organisations; nationalism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What was the impact on sovereignty during present globalisation, digital surveillance and international law?

A

Creates ongoing tension between sovereignty and interconnected global governance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which event established the idea of sovereign states having full control over their own territory?

A

Treaty of Westphalia (1648)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two types of sovereignty?

A

• internal - the states authority over everything within it’s borders (law, order, policy) eg: UK parliament passing domestic legislation
• external - the states independence and recognition by other states eg: UN member status, diplomatic recognition of Taiwan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of sovereignty is challenged when a foreign power invades a state?

A

External

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of sovereignty is challenged when a government loses control over a civil war?

A

Internal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the threats to internal sovereignty?

A
  • terrorism
  • natural disasters
  • criminal organisations
  • economic instability
  • political corruption
  • civil war
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the threats to external sovereignty?

A
  • foreign invasion
  • humanitarian convention
  • lack of recognition
  • globalisation
  • supranationalism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is globalisation?

A

The process by which the world becomes increasingly interconnected via trade, technology, migration, culture, law and institutions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the types of globalisation?

A
  • economic: free trade, MNCs, global finance
  • cultural: Netflix, social media, language change (eg: South Korea speak a different dialect)
  • political: IGOs, human rights law
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does globalisation challenge national identity or the idea of the nation?

A

Globalisation can weaken the traditional nation-state by increasing the influence of supranational organisations and the spread of liberal norms and practices across the borders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which event can be an indication of modern globalisation?

A

The creation of the UN, bretton wood system - new global institutions + economic cooperation begins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is economic liberalism?

A

An idea that supports free markets, free trade and minimal government interference in the economy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name two IGOs that drive globalisation

A
  • WTO
  • IMF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How has technology accelerated globalisation?

A

Technology has made communication and transport faster and cheaper, allowing goods, services, money and information to move quickly globally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is meant by interdependence?

A

Where countries rely on each other for goods, services, resources or support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the drivers of globalisation?

A
  • economic liberalism
  • technology
  • IGOs
  • trade liberalisation
  • cultural soft power
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

List the dangers of trade liberalisation

A
  • the poor rely on the rich
  • inequality
  • change economic conditions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

List the dangers of technology

A
  • radicalisation eg: shamina begum
  • propaganda
  • surveillance; government having too much control
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the impact of cultural globalisation?

A

Leads to the widespread influence of culture, often resulting in the loss of local cultures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Define monoculture

A

When one culture becomes dominant and spreads globally (often western, American)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What do critics say about monoculture?
It creates a world where everything starts to look, sound and feel the same
26
Give examples of globalised products, trends
- Spotify top 100 - netflix - american fast food chains
27
Define coca-colanisation
The global spread of consumer capitalism, especially American brands and values eg: Disney, Coca-Cola
28
Define glocalisation
When global cultural products are adapted to fit local cultures. Instead of replacing local identities, global brands adjust their content for regional tastes and customs
29
What is cultural resistance?
When countries, communities or individuals push back against global cultural trends- especially those seen as western or homogenising
30
When does resistance occur?
When people feel: - their culture is being erased or 'americanised' - globalisation is creating moral or cultural delays - their language, religion or traditions are being sidelined
31
Give examples of cultural resistance
• France - toubon law bans English slogans in advertising • china - great firewall blocks western social media eg: facebook, YouTube • iran - bans western music, strict censorship of global media
32
How can globalisation weaken the role of the state?
By increasing the influence of international organisation and multinational corporations
33
What is political globalisation?
The increasing cooperation and connection between countries via international organisation, agreements and shared decision making
34
Give one example of an IGO that challenges sovereignty
EU - it can make laws and rules that member states must follow
35
How would a realist view the ICC?
a realist would see the ICC as weak as powerful states can ignore it and act in their own self interest
36
What do liberals believe IGOs help promote?
Liberals believe IGOs promote cooperation, peace and stability between countries
37
Explain how global monoculture can be dangerous
It threatens national interest causing extinction to different cultures and emphasises one culture globally
38
What IGO challenges state power the most and why?
The EU due to their agreements being binding and causing limits on national interest resulting in Europeans wanting to leave
39
Define supranational
One that holds authority above individual states, meaning it's decisions or laws can be binding on member countries, even if those states disagree
40
Give examples of MNCs
- Apple - shell - Amazon
41
What is tax avoidance?
When companies or individuals legally reduce the amount of tax they pay by shifting profits to countries with low or no tax- often using tax havens
42
What is the impact of free trade agreements?
Limits state tariffs, open up economies eg: EU
43
What is economic globalisation?
The increasing integration and interconnection of national economies via trade, investment and the movement of goods, services and capital across borders
44
Name one MNCs can avoid paying tax
via transfer pricing, where they shift profits to subsidiaries in low tax countries
45
How does outsourcing impact national economies?
Outsourcing can reduce costs and increase efficiency for firms, but it may lead to job losses in higher-cost countries
46
Define neoliberalism in one sentence
Its an economic approach that promotes free markets, deregulation, privatisation and reduced government intervention
47
Explain why economic globalisation has provoked nationalist resistance
- many people feel it harms local economies, jobs and national control - eg: Brexit (2016) the UK voted to leave the EU partly as many people were concerned about losing control over laws, trade and immigration
48
What do hyperglobalisers believe about the power of the nation state?
That nation state power is decreasing
49
Who is a key hyperglobalist thinker, and what did he argue?
Ohmae argued that the nation state are becoming irrelevant creating a 'borderless world'
50
Give one political and one cultural example that supports the hyperglobalist view
political: WTO, EU, IMF cultural: shared globalised consumer culture eg: KPOP, americanisation
51
Why do some hyperglobalisers see globalisation as a positive development?
it promotes peace, cooperation and shared ignorance
52
Do hyperglobalisers believe globalisation is a new phenomenon?
yes
53
what do transformationalists believe about the impact of globalisation on the state?
globalisation reshape state power instead of consistently decrease it
54
What does it mean to say sovereignty is 'shared'?
power isn't concentrated in one particular area and instead is dispersed
55
Why do transformationalists reject the idea that the state is dying?
States are still important but just malfunction within a global system
56
What global issues support the transformationalist view?
regionalism -> EU
57
what term does David held use to describe the modern global system?
'post-westphalian'
58
What is the sceptical view of globalisation?
nation states have full sovereignty as well as claim that globalisation isn't universal and inclusive
59
How do sceptics view the role of the state today?
- EU -> brexit; argues whether they want to be apart of the EU - NAFTA
60
why do they say globalisation is 'not new'?
trade networks and empires have always existed
61
what example show that most global activity is still regional or state based?
EU -> brexit argues whether the UK wants to be apart of the EU
62
what is one major criticism sceptics make of hyperglobalist claims?
they reject that globalism is fully powerful and new
63
which theory allows for both state power and globalisation to co-exist?
transformationalist
64
what is the argument of transformationalists regarding globalisation?
that states are still sovereign but globalisation is still acknowledged
Politics
flashcards
Decks in class (21)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions