Statistical tests

Question 1

What are the three distinct criteria a researcher must consider before deicing which statistical test to use?

Answer 1

1. Is the test a test of difference or a test of correlation?
2. If they have conducted a test of difference, did they use an independent measures design or a matched pairs design?
3. Have they collected norminal, ordinal or interval data?

Question 2

What is a test of difference?

Answer 2

A test of difference is used when researchers compare two or more conditions/ groups to see if they are different from each other
EG hypothesis: “Participants who revise using flashcards will score higher on a memory test than participants who revise using reading notes”

Question 3

What is a test of correlation?

Answer 3

A test of correlation examines whether two variables are related
EG hypothesis: “There will be positive correlation between hours of revision and exams”

Question 4

What is an independent measures design?

Answer 4

BETWEEN PARTICIPANTS
Different participants take part in each condition of the experiment

This means it is an unrelated design

Question 5

What is a repeated measures design?

Answer 5

WITHIN PARTICIPANTS
The same participants take part in all conditions

This means it is a related design

Question 6

What is a matched pairs design?

Answer 6

Participants are paired based on similar characteristics, and each person in the pair is placed in a different condition

This means it is a related design

Question 7

If the experiment used independent measures design, was it an unrelated or related design?

Answer 7

Unrelated

Question 8

If the experiment used repeated measures design, was it an unrelated or related design?

Answer 8

Related

Question 9

If the experiment used matched pairs design, was it an unrelated or related design?

Answer 9

Related

Question 10

What is norminal data?

Answer 10

Is named data which can be separated into descrete categories - bar chart to show usually
EG: gender, or eye colour

Question 11

What is ordinal data?

Answer 11

Is data which is placed into some kind of order or scale
EG: rating happiness on a scale of 1-10

Question 12

What is interval data?

Answer 12

Is data which comes in the form of a numerical value where the difference between points is standardised and meaningful
EG: temperature

Question 13

What statistical test do you use when its a correlation with nominal data?

Answer 13

Chi-squared

Question 14

What statistical test do you use when its a correlation with ordinal data?

Answer 14

Spearman’s rho

Question 15

What statistical test do you use when its a correlation with interval data?

Answer 15

Pearson’s r

Question 16

What statistical test do you use when its a test of difference, unrelated test with nominal data?

Answer 16

Chi-squared

Question 17

What statistical test do you use when its a test of difference, unrelated test with ordinal data?

Answer 17

Mann Whitney U

Question 18

What statistical test do you use when its a test of difference, unrelated test with interval data?

Answer 18

Unrelated t-test

Question 19

What statistical test do you use when its a test of difference, related test with nominal data?

Answer 19

Sign test

Question 20

What statistical test do you use when its a test of difference, related test with ordinal data?

Answer 20

Wilcoxon T

Question 21

What statistical test do you use when its a test of difference, related test with interval data?

Answer 21

Related t-test