M.D(mean)
Σ|xi - mean|/n
M.D(M)
Σ|xi-M|/n
variance & standard deviation for ungrouped
σ^2 = 1/n Σ(xi - mean)^2
variance & standard deviation for discrete frequency distribution
σ^2 = 1/N Σfi(xi - mean)^2
shortcut for V and SD
σ^2 = h^2/N^2 [NΣfiyi^2 - (Σfiyi)^2].σ
yi =
(xi - A)/h
coefficient of variation (C.V.)
σ/mean x 100