Statistics

Question 1

In SPSS, what option can be used to show frequency and distribution?

Answer 1

Histogram

Question 2

What are the functions of DATA VIEW in SPSS

Answer 2

Edit, calculate and analyse data

Question 3

In a normal distribution what is the median in comparison to the mean?

Answer 3

Almost the same

Question 4

What can be shown using the ERROR BAR in SPSS?

Answer 4

Mean +/- 2SEM

Question 5

If two sets of sample data have different means, are their global means significantly different?

Answer 5

Not certain, do a test of hypothesis

Question 6

When comparing two sets of data, under what situation are they significantly different?

Answer 6

P<0.05 or <0.01

Question 7

If a small group of patients are measured twice over a period of time what method can be used to compare means?

Answer 7

Paired t-test

Question 8

Explain Paired and Independent T-test

Answer 8

Paired = compare two sets of data from two groups
Independent = compare two/more sets of data from the same group

Question 9

Effect of SD and n on SEM

Answer 9

SD increase, SEM increase

n increase, SEM decrease

Question 10

What is representative of ANOVA?

Answer 10

Analysis of variance

Question 11

Upper and lower bounds for confidence interval of 95%?

Answer 11

Mean +/- 2SEM

Question 12

When do you apply a Post Hoc test?

Answer 12

Following ANOVA

Question 13

Linear regression into non-linear situations?

Answer 13

Replace non-linear variable with a variable one

Question 14

In chi-squares used to compare practical data, what principle is applied?

Answer 14

All items occur at the same probability

Question 15

When to apply non-parametric test methods?

Answer 15

When data is ordinal and rank

Question 16

In non-parametric test methods, what info can be used to assess differences between sample groups?

Answer 16

Rank and sign

Question 17

Significant values if two variables have linear correlation?

Answer 17

P<0.05 or <0.01

Question 18

In linear regression equations, what coefficients are calculated?

Answer 18

Coefficient in front of variable and a constant

Question 19

When is a null or primary hypothesis accepted?

Answer 19

P<0.05

Question 20

Standard Deviation is a measure of what?

Answer 20

Dispersion tendency

Question 21

If a sample occurs more than another it is what?

Answer 21

Of a higher frequency

Question 22

1 SD, 2 SD and 3 SD as percentages?

Answer 22

68%, 95% and 99%

Question 23

What files can be input into SPSS directly?

Answer 23

Text, Excel, Direct Input

Question 24

Situation for using t-test methods?

Answer 24

Sample data should be scale and data distribution normal

Question 25

What is required to apply meta-analysis in practise?

Answer 25

Collect data from multiple sources and data formats should be the same

Question 26

What is required to apply survival analysis in practise?

Answer 26

The data should cover a long time period with a large sample size

Question 27

Usually, satisfactory rate is calculated as a percentage. How do you compare your results with other sample groups?

Answer 27

Chi-square

Question 28

How to analyse one variable from different sample groups?

Answer 28

ANOVA

Question 29

How to find correlations between two sets of data?

Answer 29

Pearson correlation coefficient

Question 30

How to analyse assigned data such as pain scores before and after treatment?

Answer 30

Wilcoxon signed ranks test

Question 31

How to analyse assigned data such as pain scores for two variables?

Answer 31

Mann-Whitney U test