What are the assumptions for independent t-tests?
2 categorical groups
No participant can appear in both groups
The dependent variable is continuous
Dependent variable is approximately distributed for each group of the independent variable
Paired t-tests assumptions:
2 groups of the independent variable are related
Dependent variable are continuous
Differences between the matched pairs in the dependent variable are approximately normally distributed
What are p-values?
P values measure probability of obtaining results at least as extreme as the observed results, assuming the null hypothesis is true. - lower p values suggest stronger evidence for rejecting the null- statistically significant
What happens if the p-value is greater than the significance level?
say that we fail to reject the null hypothesis- effect may have been missed = lacking evidence- not the same as proving something does not exist, it is not statistically correct to accept the null hypothesis
