Stats

Question 1

t test and ANOVA

Answer 1

quantitative (ANOVA is means)

Question 2

chi square (2 groups of qualitative)

Answer 2

categorical

Question 3

kaplan meyer

Answer 3

small groups; estimates survival

Question 4

relative risk

Answer 4

incdience of exposed/incidence in unexposed

Question 5

power of test

Answer 5

probably of making correct consluion
1-probabily of TYPE II ERROR
0.8+ is adequate

Question 6

power = 0.9

Answer 6

90% chance a positive value detects real difference
10% chance a negative value does not detect difference when there actually is one

Question 7

accuracy equation

Answer 7

true positive + true negative / (ALL)e

Question 8

deepdnency on prevalence

Answer 8

predictive value depends on prevalence

sens/spec does NOT depend on prevalence

Question 9

NSQIP

Answer 9

outcome data for surgical QUALITY in US

Question 10

JCAHO

Answer 10

side marking, timeout etc.

Question 11

REAIM

Answer 11

reach
effectiveness
adoption
implementation
mainteannce

for getting evidence based practice out there

Question 12

QI types

Answer 12

lean process and six sigman p

Question 13

lean process

Answer 13

continue to reevaluate and get rid of stuff that doesnt work; LEAN METHODOLOGY
outcomes will contineu to improve.

Question 14

six sigma

Answer 14

define measure analyze imrpove control

eiminate process errors
ERROR WASTE REDUCTION

Question 15

median in kaplan meier survival curve

Answer 15

50% survival; what is the X value (time)

Question 16

NNT

Answer 16

1/ARR

Question 17

what bias in cross sectional study

Answer 17

no causality…

selection bias
survival bias

Question 18

case control bias

Answer 18

only study on outcome (some causal effect) with

selection bias
recall bias

Question 19

cohort study bias

Answer 19

some potential to establish causal effects

selection bias

Question 20

RCT is not good for…

Answer 20

rare events

Question 21

receiver operating curves

Answer 21

ROC used to eval what happens to sensitivity and specificity when threshold for positive vs negative test is changed

Question 22

largest area under ROC

Answer 22

optimized/highest possible combination of sensitiity and specificity for a test

Question 23

selection bias types

Answer 23

allocation bias, lead time bias, length time bias

Question 24

allocation bias tx

Answer 24

concealment of allocation

Question 25

length time bias tx

Answer 25

pathologic grading comparison (instead of staging)

Question 26

information bias types

Answer 26

recall, detection = observor bias, surveilalnce, hawthorne effect

Question 27

levels of evidence 1A 1B

Answer 27

1A systematic review, meta-analysis of high quality RCTs 1B sys rev or meta of INDVIDIUAL RCTS

Question 28

levels of evidence 2A 2B

Answer 28

2A sysrev or meta of COHORT studies 2B individual cohort studies or low quality RCTs

Question 29

levels of evidence 3A and 3B

Answer 29

3A sys rev/meta of CASE CONTROl stduies 3B sys rev/meta of individual case control studies

Question 30

levels of evidnece 4 vs 5

Answer 30

4: case series 5: expert opinions