STEAM ENGINE

Question 1

Cylinder

Answer 1

Chamber where steam expands and pushes the piston.

Question 2

Piston

Answer 2

Moving component that converts steam pressure to linear motion.

Question 3

Piston Rod

Answer 3

Connects piston to crosshead or connecting rod.

Question 4

Crosshead

Answer 4

Guides piston rod and prevents lateral forces.

Question 5

Connecting Rod

Answer 5

Converts reciprocating motion to rotary motion.

Question 6

Crankshaft

Answer 6

Rotating shaft delivering mechanical power.

Question 7

Flywheel

Answer 7

Heavy wheel that smooths engine speed fluctuations.

Question 8

Steam Chest

Answer 8

Chamber where steam is admitted before entering cylinder.

Question 9

Valve Gear

Answer 9

Controls admission and exhaust of steam.

Question 10

Admission

Answer 10

Period when fresh steam enters the cylinder.

Question 11

Admission

Answer 11

Period when fresh steam enters the cylinder.

Question 12

Cut-Off

Answer 12

Point where inlet valve closes; expansion begins.

Question 13

Expansion

Answer 13

Steam expands inside cylinder to do work.

Question 14

Release

Answer 14

Exhaust valve begins to open.

Question 15

Exhaust

Answer 15

Steam exits cylinder after work is done.

Question 16

Compression

Answer 16

Residual steam is compressed before next cycle.

Question 17

Saturated Steam

Answer 17

Steam in equilibrium with water; no superheat.

Question 18

Superheated Steam

Answer 18

Steam heated above saturation temperature.

Question 19

Wet Steam

Answer 19

Steam with suspended liquid droplets.

Question 20

Dryness Fraction

Answer 20

Ratio of steam mass that is vapor.

Question 21

Boiler Pressure

Answer 21

Steam pressure generated in boiler.

Question 22

Steam Rate

Answer 22

Steam required per kWh or HP.

Question 23

Indicated Power

Answer 23

Power developed inside cylinder from PV diagram.

Question 24

Brake Power

Answer 24

Actual usable output at crankshaft.

Question 25

Mechanical Efficiency

Answer 25

BP divided by IP.

Question 26

Slide Valve

Answer 26

Simple valve sliding over ports.

Question 27

Cut-off Ratio

Answer 27

Stroke fraction at which valve closes.

Question 28

Mean Effective Pressure

Answer 28

Equivalent constant pressure producing same work.

Question 29

Thermal Efficiency

Answer 29

Efficiency converting steam energy to work.

Question 30

Simple Steam Engine

Answer 30

Uses one cylinder; steam expands once.

Question 31

Throttle Valve

Answer 31

Regulates amount of steam entering engine.

Question 32

Governor

Answer 32

Controls engine speed by regulating steam.

Question 33

Poppet Valve

Answer 33

Valve opening vertically like in IC engines.

Question 34

Condensation Loss

Answer 34

Steam condenses in cylinder reducing efficiency.

Question 35

Double-acting Engine

Answer 35

Steam acts on both sides alternately.

Question 36

Single-acting Engine

Answer 36

Steam acts on one side of the piston.

Question 37

Compound Steam Engine

Answer 37

Multiple cylinders with staged expansion.

Question 38

Mechanical Losses

Answer 38

Losses from friction in moving parts.

Question 39

Wire-drawing Loss

Answer 39

Pressure drop due to throttling across valves.

Question 40

Diagram Factor

Answer 40

Correction factor for indicator diagram.

Question 41

Indicator Diagram

Answer 41

PV diagram showing pressure vs displacement.

Question 42

Condenser

Answer 42

Cools exhaust steam back to water.

Question 43

IMEP

Answer 43

Average pressure from indicator diagram.

Question 44

Feedwater Pump

Answer 44

Returns water/condensate to boiler.

Question 45

Air Pump

Answer 45

Removes air and condensate from condenser.