What is internal consistency?
clinical picture should be in harmony with ABG. should be a mathematical relationship between pH, PaCO2 and HCO3
What should you be comparing when determining internal consistency?
- BE and HCO3 to metabolic trend
- standard HCO3 to TCO2
What is the rule of eights?
a method that predicts plasma bicarb
What is FIO2 - PaCO2 congruity?
PaCO2 should not exceed 130mmHg on room air
What is PaO2 - SaO2 congruity?
60mmHg/90% sat
What does it mean if the internal consistency is not plausible?
a mixed disorder may be present
What are the primary organ systems involved in acid-base balance?
- respiratory
- renal
How does chronic disease affect the body?
it can impair compensation
What are the causes of mixed metabolic and respiratory alkalemia?
- critically ill patients
- blood transfusion
- pregnancy
- severe liver disease and vomiting
More people in the ICU will ____ with respiratory alkalemia?
hyperventilate
What are the causes of mixed metabolic and respiratory acidemia?
- status asthmaticus and COPD
- cardiac arrest
- poisoning
- pulmonary edema
What is mixed metabolic acidosis?
- high AG acidosis and hyperchloremic acidosis
- mixed high AG acidosis
What are the causes of metabolic acidosis and respiratory alkalosis?
- salicylate poisoning
- liver disease
- sepsis
What are the causes of metabolic alkalosis and respiratory acidosis?
- COPD with diuretics
- theophylline
- steroids
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Control of Breathing48
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CO2 Transport5
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Oxygenation34
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Pitfalls Of ABGs24
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Methods to Improve Ventilation20
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Arterial Catheters11
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Pulmonary Artery Catheters 237
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Pulmonary Artery Catheters 330
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ABGs6
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Step U - Underlying Cause67
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Step T - Treatment27
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Step I - Internal Consistency14
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Weaning40
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Anatomy of the Heart32
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Electrophysiology of the Heart21
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APRV53
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ASV14
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The Cardiac Cycle25
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Central Venous Catheters10
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Pulmonary Artery Catheters 138
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Hemodynamics Test13
