MS3 > Step studying 3 > Flashcards

Step studying 3 Flashcards

(51 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

Define Bipolar I

A

1 manic episode (+/- depressive or hypomanic episode)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define Bipolar II

A

Hypomanic episode + >/= 1 major depressive episode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do different fetal decelerations mean

A

VEAL CHOP
o V = variable decelerations . . . C = cord compression
o E = early decelerations . . . H = head compression
o A = acceleration . . . O = oxygenation
o L = late decelerations . . . P = placental insufficiency (fetal hypoxia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What acid-base abnormality will you see in primary hyperaldosteronism

A

Metabolic alkalosis (due to increased hydrogen excretion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Best diagnostic test for bronchiectasis

A

CT chest - will show bronchial dilation, lack of airway tapering, and bronchial wall thickening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name 3 causes of delayed passage of meconium

A
  1. imperforate anus
  2. meconium ileus
  3. Hirschsprung
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Diagnosis of imperforate anus

A
  • Physical exam
  • US of anus
  • Cross table x-ray (to determine severity)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What else should you look for in a pt with imperforate anus

A 
Part of a syndrome called VACTERL
•	V = vertebral anomalies
•	A = imperforate Anus
•	C = cardiac
•	T = tracheoesophageal fistula
•	E = esophageal atresia 
•	R = renal
•	L = limb
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cause of meconium ileus

A

Cystic fibrosis = leads to obstruction of the ileum and a narrow, underdeveloped colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the syndromes of defect in bilirubin conjugation

A
  • Neonatal physiologic jaundice (newborns have low UGT activity)
  • Gilbert (mildly low UGT activity)
  • Crigler-Najjar (absence of UGT)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the syndromes of impaired transport of bilirubin

A
  • Dubin Johnson (deficiency in bilirubin canalicular transport protein; black liver but clinically benign)
  • Rotor (milder version of Dubin Johnson with no black liver)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the difference between breast milk jaundice and breastfeeding jaundige

A
  • Breast feeding jaundice is a problem of quantity (Decreased intake causes decreased stooling and therefore decreased bilirubin elimination and increased intrahepatic circulation)
  • Breast milk is a problem of quality (Thought to be due to human milk causing increase of intestinal absorption of bilirubin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tx of breast feeding jaundince

A

Feed baby more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tx of breast milk jaundice

A

Switch to formula for 12-24 hours, then can resume breast feeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diagnosis of pyloric stenosis

A

US will show donut sign/target sign (thickened pylorus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tx of pyloric stenosis

A

Pyloromyotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the difference between duodenal atresia and intestinal atresia

A
  • Duodenal atresia (congenital failure of duodenal development)
  • Intestinal atresia (caused by vascular accidents in utero e.g. mom does cocaine and cuts off blood supply to gut)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Diagnose: Premature neonate + GI bleed

A

Necrotizing enterocolitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tx of necrotizing enterocolitis

A

NPO, IVF, TPN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Best diagnostic test of intussusception

A

Air enema

This is also treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where does Meckel diverticulum most often occur

Study These Flashcards
A

2 feet from ileocecal valve (RLQ pain)

22
Q

Diagnosis of Meckels

Study These Flashcards
A

♣ Tc-pertechnetate scintigraphy
• Tc-pertechnetate radioisotope has an affinity for parietal cells of gastric mucosa
• Will have increased uptake in the area of diverticulum due to gastric epithelium

23
Q

Tx of allergic rhinitis

Study These Flashcards
A

Intranasal steroids

24
Q

What should you think of if you see multiple duodenal ulcers

Study These Flashcards
A

Zollinger Ellison

25
Why might Zollinger Ellison cause steatorrhea
Excess acid in intestines causes inactivation of pancreatic enzymes
26
What coronary artery supplies - Anterior (V1-V6) - Inferior (II, III, aVF) - Posterior (depression in V1-V3) - Lateral (I, aVL, V5, V6)
- Anterior = LAD - Inferior = RCA or LCX - Posterior = LCX or RCA - Lateral = LCX
27
Definition of Pre-eclampsia
o New hypertension (>20 weeks gestation) ♣ >140/90 on two occasions at least four hours apart o Proteinuria ♣ Urine P:C > 0.3 ♣ 24hr urine protein > 300mg
28
What are severe features of pre-eclampsia
- Thrombocytopenia (platelets <100,000) - Impaired LFTs (2x normal) - Renal insufficiency (Cr > 1.1) - Pulmonary edema (SOB) - New onset cerebral disturbance, or visual impairment (HA, vision changes) - Epigastric/RUQ pain - BP >160/110 - Proteinuris >500mg
29
Management of Pre-E w/o severe features
- Deliver at 37 weeks | - Mg typically not needed
30
Management of Pre-E with severe features
- Deliver at >/= 34 weeks - O2 - MgSO4 for seizure ppx - Anti-hypertensives if HTN >160/110
31
What antihypertensives are used in Pre-E
Labetalol, Hydralazine, Nifedipine
32
Most common complication of sickle cell TRAIT
Painless hematuria (due to sickling in renal medulla)
33
What is Centor criteria
``` • Used for evaluation of group A strep pharyngitis • Criteria: o C = absence of Cough o E = tonsillar Exudates o N = Nodes (lymphadenopathy) o T = temperature >/= 38 C ```
34
What are the L to R shunts
ASD, VSD, PDA
35
What will you hear in ASD
Fixed split S2 | - increased blood in R heart delays closure of pulmonary valve
36
What is PDA
Persistent connection between aorta and pulmonary artery
37
What will you hear in PDA
Continuous machine like murmur
38
Tx of PDA
- Indomethacin to close PDA | - Prostaglandins keeps PDA open
39
What are the R to L shunts
``` o Truncus arteriosus (1 vessel) o Transposition (2 switched vessels) o Tricuspid atresia (3 = tri) o Tetralogy of Fallot (4 = tetra) o TAPVR (5 letters in the name) ```
40
What is the risk factor for transposition of great vessels
Diabetic mother
41
Components of tetralogy of fallot
o (a) Pulmonary valve stenosis o (b) RV hypertrophy o (c) VSD o (d) Overriding aorta (sitting over VSD)
42
Tx of croup
- Supportive | - Racemic epi, steroids, O2
43
Tx of epiglottitis
- Intubation in the OR | - IV abx
44
Bug responsible for epiglottitis
H. flu
45
Dx of retropharyngeal abscess
CT scan
46
Tx of retropharyngeal abscess
I&D + IV abx
47
Tx of peritonsillar abscess
I&D + IV abx
48
What is Legg-Calve-Perthes
o Idiopathic avascular necrosis of the femoral head o Typically presents as thigh or knee pain with limp in a child o X-ray in the frog position will show joint space widening due to loss (necrosis) of the femoral head height
49
Tx of Legg-Calve-Perthes
♣ Pt made non-weight bearing with immediate ortho referral ♣ Goal is to prevent further necrosis and promote bone remodeling by maintaining femoral head within the acetabulum ♣ Best accomplished by casting the affected leg in abducted and internally rotated fashion
50
What type of pt has a slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)
o Fracture through the growth plate (physis), which results in slippage of the overlying end of the femur (metaphysis) Occurs in overweight patients or patients going through a growth spurt
51
Tx of SCFE
Surgery
MS3
flashcards
Decks in class (88)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions