HOW/WHY DID MARITIME EMPIRES ESTABLISH THEIR EMPIRES: How?
- Trading Post- East India trading CO and Dutch East India Trading CO. But most importantly Taylor honestly is Portugal setting up trading post empires
- Military - Spain and Portugal had very strong navy
- Religion - Christianity
- Silver - the amount of silver one had meant how wealthy they were
- Advances in technology(wait until further flash cards)
- Uses resources from colonies for wealth
Technology that led to maritime expansion
- Lateen sails,magnetic compass, astolabe, caravel,cartography
Lateen sails????
- triangular sails that allowed for wind to catch at any direction
- allowed for ships to sail against the wind and made trade faster
Magnetic compass??????
- let saliors know their location
- could be used when cloudy (unlike star navigation)
Astolabe?????
- see where you were based off of the equator
- could venture out further than the coast line
Caravel??????
-A ship from Portugal with Lateen sails and a stern rudder(used to steer ship)
Cartography???
a map Taylor, C’mon.
- allowed for easier sailing
HOW DID MARITIME EMPIRES ESTABLISH THEIR EMPIRES: why?
- More land
- Spread religion (Christianity)
- Control trade (Portugal)
- To gain silver and gold
HOW DID MARITIME EMPIRES IMPACT CULTURAL AND SOCIAL TRADITIONS: Culture
- Trade impacted Natives (More in later slides)
- Staple foods changed due to introduction of foods to new places
HOW DID MARITIME EMPIRES IMPACT CULTURAL AND SOCIAL TRADITIONS: CULTURE : Change in Native culture
- New foods introduced - Pigs,cows,grapes and horses
- Horses- They could hunt buffalo on horseback better than before so surplus of of food, more time for other pursuits like art and conflict increased (more horses more power)
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HOW DID MARITIME EMPIRES IMPACT CULTURAL AND SOCIAL TRADITIONS: CULTURE: change in eastern hemisphere
- Introduce stuff like Maize,Potatoes,tomatoes,beans,peppers and cocoa
- Potatoes became staples of diet
HOW DID MARITIME EMPIRES IMPACT CULTURAL AND SOCIAL TRADITIONS: Social
- Changed marital status structure in Africa - Polyginy (men had many wives)
- Slavery became racially motivated(To justify not paying them)
- Pop increased so demand of products increased
- Social classes changed (Casta system - Spain hierarchy of mixed raced family)
- Pop grew due to new foods life span went up
HOW DID MARITIME EMPIRES IMPACT ECONOMIC SYSTEMS: Triangular Trade
- Europe -> Africa: Manufactured goods like guns
- Africa -> America: Slaves
- America -> Natural resources and crops (maize) and rum
HOW DID MARITIME EMPIRES IMPACT ECONOMIC SYSTEMS: Joint Stock Company
- Divided out profits and losses between investors (British East India CO. Dutch East India CO.)
HOW DID MARITIME EMPIRES IMPACT ECONOMIC SYSTEMS: Mercantilism
- Wealth was measured in sliver and gold
- favorable balance (more exports than imports)
- Colonies existed only to serve mother land
HOW DID MARITIME EMPIRES IMPACT ECONOMIC SYSTEMS: Commercial Revolution
- Goods made to trade for gold and silver instead of other goods (Like before)
- Example, China with silk for silver
HOW DID MARITIME EMPIRES IMPACT ECONOMIC SYSTEMS:
LABOR SYSTEMS: Hacienda system
- Given land to high class or conquistadors and they would employ low class to work for low wages
HOW DID MARITIME EMPIRES IMPACT ECONOMIC SYSTEMS: LABOR SYSTEMS: Encomienda system
- Benificiary was given control of an amount of Natives to give food and shelter and in return they would work for labor crops
HOW DID MARITIME EMPIRES IMPACT ECONOMIC SYSTEMS: LABOR SYSTEMS: Mita system
- Compelled workers to work on certain projects for a certain amount of time
- Used by Incas for public projects but Spain changed it so it would only benefit the ruler and help gain wealth
- Example; Spain making Incas mine for silver only for Spain
HOW DID MARITIME EMPIRES IMPACT ECONOMIC SYSTEMS: LABOR SYSTEMS: Chattel slavery
- Straight up owning people
HOW DID MARITIME EMPIRES IMPACT POLITICAL SYSTEMS?
- Religion motivated many political decisions (like to explore)
- Systems of labor changed
- Absolute monarchy
- PORTUGAL AND SPAIN
- Treaty of Tordesillas - Portugal got Africa and Brazil while Spain got South and North America
- Relied on Navy
- Joint stock companies started to exist (by now you should know what that is)
- The more land in the Americas the better
