stoichiometry

Question 1

Homogeneous Mixtures

Answer 1

All components in the mixture are in the same phase

Question 2

Heterogeneous Mixtures

Answer 2

Components in the mixture are in different phases

Question 3

element

Answer 3

pure substance made of only one type of atom, which cannot be broken down by chemical means

Question 4

compound

Answer 4

pure substance where two or more different elements are chemically bonded in a fixed ratio, creating a new substance with properties different from the original elements

Question 5

mixture

Answer 5

physical combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded, and each substance retains its own properties and can be separated by physical means

Question 6

temp vs time

Answer 6

1. heating ice
2. melting (0C)
3. heating water
4. boiling (100C)
5. heating steam

Question 7

why is the graph not a linear line?

Answer 7

the energy added during phase changes (melting & boiling) –> goes into changing the substance’s potential energy (breaking bonds) rather than its kinetic energy (increasing temperature)

Question 8

sublimation

Answer 8

transition of a substance directly from the solid state to the gaseous state.

Question 9

deposition

Answer 9

transition of a substance directly from the gaseous state to the solid state.

Question 10

subscripts

Answer 10

number of atoms within a molecule

Question 11

Ammonium

Answer 11

NH4+

Question 12

hydroxide

Answer 12

OH-

Question 13

nitrate

Answer 13

NO3-

Question 14

hydrogencarbonate

Answer 14

HCO3-

Question 15

hydrogensulphate

Answer 15

HSO4-

Question 16

Carbonate

Answer 16

CO3^2-

Question 17

sulphate

Answer 17

SO4^2-

Question 18

phosphate

Answer 18

PO4^3-

Question 19

both ionic & aqueous…

Answer 19

ionise in solution

Question 20

ionic equations

Answer 20

show what happens to aqueous ions during reaction

Question 21

mixtures….

Answer 21

the components may be elements/compounds + retain individual properties

Question 22

relative molecular mass (Mr)

Answer 22

add together all relative atomic masses (Ar)

Question 23

formula mass

Answer 23

add together the relative atomic masses of all particles in an ionic species (can include water of crystallisation)

Question 24

molar mass

Answer 24

mass of 1 mole of the element/molecule/compound (g/mol or g mol-1)

Question 25

mole

Answer 25

no. particles (x/L)

Question 26

empirical formula

Answer 26

simplest formula of a substance

Question 27

molecular formula

Answer 27

actual formula of the substance

Question 28

combustion C

Answer 28

C --> CO2 1 --> 1 12/44

Question 29

combustion H

Answer 29

H --> H2O 2 --> 1 2/18

Question 30

kelvin

Answer 30

273

Question 31

stp

Answer 31

22.4 (Mr)

Question 32

moles of gas

Answer 32

n = V/22.7

Question 33

concentration

Answer 33

C=n/V

Question 34

dm3 to cm3/kPa to Pa

Answer 34

x1000