In what region is the stomach found?
Left hypochondriac and epigastric region
What are the 3 divisions of the stomach?
Fundus, body, and pylorus
Where does air sit in the stomach?
At the top in the funds
What is the function of the plyorus?
- Connects stomach to duodenum
- Prevents food reentering stomach as the small intestine contracts.
How many layers of muscles does the stomach have?
3
What is the muscular layer unique to the stomach called and what does it allow?
Oblique.
-Allows churning mechanism for digestion.
What forms the bulk of the stomach?
The body
What does CILO mean in terms of muscular layers?
Circular inner, outer longitudinal
What stops flow into the small intestine?
Pyloric sphincter
What cell type secretes pepsinogen in the stomach?
Chief cells
What do endocrine cells secrete in the stomach?
Gastrin
What cell type secrets HCl in the stomach?
Parietal cells
What is gastrin? give 2 functions.
A hormon.
- Increases contraction
- Activates parietal cells
What secretion converts pepsinogen into pepsin?
HCl
What cell type secretes an intrinsic factor?
Parietal cell
What enables the absorption of vitamin B12?
Intrinsic factors
Describe the 5 steps of protein breakdown (involving pepsin).
- Endocrine cells secrete gastrin
- Gastrin activates parietal cells
- Parietal cells secrete HCl
- HCl converts pepsinogen into pepsin
- Pepsin breaks down proteins
What are the main veins surrounding the stomach?
Right and left gastric vein
What sit at the luminal surface of the gastric pits in the stomach?
Mucus secreting cells.
What allows fast absorption?
The large blood supply to the stomach.
Name stomach regions 1 - 3
- Right hypochondrium
- Epigastric
- Left hypochondrium
Name stomach regions 4-6
- Right lumbar
- Umbilical
- Left lumbar
Name stomach regions 7-9
- Right iliac fossa
- Suprapubic (hypogastrium)
- Left iliac fossa
What structures sit infront of the stomach?
Lower ribs, diaphragm, and liver
