Structure

Question 1

Name the three layers of the earth

Answer 1

Crust, core, mantle

Question 2

What evidence is there for this structure

Answer 2

Mostly through the movement of energy through the earth, which travels as waves

Question 3

How is energy travelling through the earth monitored

Answer 3

Seismograph

Question 4

What have scientists been able to do by monitoring the velocity and direction of the energy waves

Answer 4

Been able to deduce the structural, thermal and chemical variations found in the earth

Question 5

What are p waves

Answer 5

Primary waves which travel faster

Question 6

Another name for p waves

Answer 6

Compression waves

Question 7

What is longitudinal motion

Answer 7

Solid and liquid

Question 8

What are S waves

Answer 8

Secondary waves which travel slower, in a transverse motion and are only solid

Question 9

Another name for S waves

Answer 9

Shear waves

Question 10

What is the core made up of

Answer 10

Made of iron and nickel
Solid inner core (compressed)
Liquid outer core (less dense)

Question 11

How much of the earths volume does the mantle make up

Answer 11

80%

Question 12

What are the two regions of the mantle

Answer 12

Asthenosphere
Lithosphere

Question 13

Describe the asthenosphere

Answer 13

Upper mantle
Highly viscous
Solid and ductile region
100-410km

Question 14

Describe the lithosphere

Answer 14

Crust and upper most mantle
Solid and brittle
0-100km

Question 15

Describe the crust

Answer 15

Thinnest layer of the earth
Oceanic crust is dense basaltic rock
Continental crust is lighter and fanatic in nature
Crust is split into plates