What does the CPU stand for ?
Central Processing Unit
What is the purpose of the CPU ?
To process data and instructions
What are the three components of the CPU?
The control unit
#The Arithmetic Logic Unit
#Registers
What is the Control Units role?
It controls the flow of data and instructions
#manages the FDE cycle
#controls communication between hardware and CPU
What are the purpose of Registers
To temporarily hold data,instructions or addresses during processing
What is cache ?
Is a temporary storage space for frequently accessed data
What is the role of the program counter?
It stores the memory address of the next instruction to be fetched from RAM
What is the role of the MAR?
Stores the memory address currently being accessed.(instruction or data)
What is the role of the MDR?
Stores the data that is transferred from RAM to the CPU
What is the role of the current instruction register?
Stores the instruction that has been fetched from RAM
What is the Accumulator?
Stores data being currently processed and the results of arithmetic and logical operations from the ALU
How are data and signals transmitted between components?
A bus
What is the role of the data bus?
Transmits data and instructions between the CPU, memory and other components.
Is the data bus bidirectional or unidirectional?
It is bidirectional (data is sent both ways)
Is the address bus bidirectional or unidirectional
It is unidirectional (one way)
What is the role of the address bus ?
Transmits the location in memory that the CPU is accessing
What is the role of the control bus?
Transmits control signals (read or write) from the CPU to coordinate other components
Is the control bus bidirectional or unidirectional?
It is bidirectional ( both ways )
What 3 factors affect the performance of the CPU?
the cache
#clock speed
#the number of cores
What is pipelining?
Pipelining is the concurrent processing of multiple instruction.
An instruction is fetched while another is decoded and another is executed
The overlapping of instructions increases the overall speed of program execution
What architecture stores both program instruction and data in the same single main memory ?
Von Neumann Architecture
What architecture stores program instructions and data in separate memory locations?
Harvard Architecture
In what architecture do instructions and data travel along the same bus? And what can it cause?
Von Neumann architecture, which can cause bottleneck (congestion )
What architecture allows instructions and data to be fetched at the same time? And what does it do to the computer
Harvard architecture, it improves performance
