What is the difference between mass and weight?
Mass is the amount of matter in an object; weight is the force exerted by gravity on that mass
Weight can change depending on the gravitational pull of the planet, while mass remains constant.
How will your weight change if you travel to the moon?
Your weight will decrease due to the moon’s lower gravitational pull
Weight changes on different celestial bodies due to varying gravity.
What units would be used to measure mass?
- Kilograms
- Grams
Mass is typically measured in kilograms or grams.
What units would be used to measure weight?
- Newtons
- Pounds
Weight is commonly measured in newtons or pounds.
Which scientist was first credited with the idea of gravity?
Sir Isaac Newton
Newton’s work laid the foundation for classical mechanics.
How does a triple beam balance work?
It measures mass by balancing an object against known weights
The balance uses three beams with sliding weights to determine mass.
What are the three classifications of structures we discussed?
- Solid structures
- Frame structures
- Shell structures
Each classification has unique characteristics and applications.
Identify pros (good things) and cons (bad things) about each type of structure.
- Solid structures: Pros - strong; Cons - heavy
- Frame structures: Pros - lightweight; Cons - less stable
- Shell structures: Pros - efficient; Cons - complex to design
Each structure type has its advantages and disadvantages.
Give examples of all three types of structures.
- Solid structures: walls
- Frame structures: bridges
- Shell structures: domes
These examples illustrate the diversity of structural types.
What four main parts do designers need to consider when building a structure?
- Function
- Aesthetics
- Safety
- Cost
These factors are crucial for effective design.
List the different functions a structure can fulfill.
- Support
- Shelter
- Transportation
- Storage
Structures serve various purposes in society.
Why must designers consider: Aesthetics, Safety, Cost, Types of Materials?
To ensure the structure is appealing, safe, affordable, and functional
These considerations impact the overall success of the design.
What different types of joints can be chosen?
- Mobile joints
- Rigid joints
The choice of joints affects the flexibility and stability of a structure.
Why would you choose mobile joints or rigid joints?
- Mobile joints: allow movement
- Rigid joints: provide stability
The choice depends on the structural requirements.
Describe the 5 forces: Tension, Torsion, Compression, Bending, and Shearing.
- Tension: pulling force
- Torsion: twisting force
- Compression: pushing force
- Bending: force causing curvature
- Shearing: force causing layers to slide
Understanding these forces is essential for structural integrity.
Identify at least 5 examples of each type of force.
- Tension: tugging a rope, stretching a rubber band
- Torsion: twisting a bottle cap, wringing out a cloth
- Compression: pressing a spring, stacking books
- Bending: bending a ruler, arching a bridge
- Shearing: cutting paper, sliding a deck of cards
Examples help illustrate how forces act in real-world scenarios.
What is the difference between external and internal forces?
- External forces: act on a structure from outside
- Internal forces: act within the structure
Understanding these forces is crucial for analyzing structural stability.
What types of forces can cause a structure to fail?
- Overloading
- Natural disasters
- Material fatigue
- Design flaws
Identifying these forces helps in designing safer structures.
How can we help structures survive?
- Proper design
- Regular maintenance
- Use of quality materials
These strategies enhance the longevity and safety of structures.
Why are arches difficult to build?
They require precise calculations and materials to support the load
The complexity of arches makes them challenging in construction.
Describe Cantilever, Suspension, and Stayed Cable Bridges.
- Cantilever: supported at one end
- Suspension: hangs from cables
- Stayed Cable: supported by cables attached to towers
Each bridge type has unique structural characteristics.
How do corrugations help a structure?
They increase strength while reducing weight
Corrugated materials are often used in construction for efficiency.
What types of hollow beams can reduce weight and cost of a building design?
- I-beams
- Box beams
Hollow beams are effective in minimizing material use while maintaining strength.
What would designers use flying buttresses for?
To support walls and distribute weight
Flying buttresses are commonly used in Gothic architecture.
