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Study Break Flashcards

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1
Q

About claudication which of the following statements are true

A

Intermittenet claudication distance is usally inconsistenet on a day-to-day basis for a given patient

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2
Q

About investigation the following statements are true except

A

ABPI means ‘ankle brachial pulsatility index’

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3
Q

Drugs which of the following drusg have shown to improve claudication

A

Oxpentifylline

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4
Q

Gangrene; whihc of the following is not a cause

A

Deep vein thrombosis insufficiency

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5
Q

About amputation, whihc of the following are not an indication for major amputation

A

Neurofibroma

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6
Q

In acute ischaemia pain is more prominent in

A

Msot peripheral part of the limb

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7
Q

Indications of amputation include all the following except

A

Absent pulsation

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8
Q

About embolism, all the following are teue except

A

Trophic changes

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9
Q

The most urgent aspect in treatement of arterial embolsim is

A

Heparin

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10
Q

The action of heparin in arterial embolism is to

A

All of the above

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11
Q

In a traumatized patient showing signs of fracture and acute ischemic

A

Reduction of the fracture and waiting for return of pulse is the 1 st step

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12
Q

Arterial embolism may result from

A

All of the above

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13
Q

The most common cause of fat embolism is

A

Bone fracture

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14
Q

The most common site of arterial embolism

A

Femoral artery

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15
Q

About acute arterial thromobosis all the following are true except

A

No collateral

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16
Q

Sure signs of arterial injury include all the following except

A

Evidence of adjacent nerve injury

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17
Q

In trauma causing arterial spasm treatment may include

A

All of the above

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18
Q

Managemtn of complete arterial rer may include all the following except

A

Suturing in transverse suture line

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19
Q

About crush syndrome there will be

A

Hypovolemic shock

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20
Q

Which of the following regarding varicose veins are true?

A

Varicose veins may be associated with the FOX2 gene

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21
Q

Which of the following statements regarding lymphoedema are true

A

Early treatemtn is usually successful

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22
Q

Which of the following is not a risk factor for lymphoedema

A

A Baker’s cyst

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23
Q

A 55-year old woman gives a history of tiredness, aching, and a feeling of heaviness in the left lower leg for the past 3 months. These symptoms are relived by leg elevation. She is also awakened frequenlty by calf and foot cramping, whihc is relieved by leg elevation, walking or massage. On examination there are superficial varicosities, non pitting edema, and a slightly painful 2 cm. diamater superficial ulcer 5cm above and behind the left medial malleolus

A

Deep venous insufficiency

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24
Q

A 55-year old woman gives a history of tiredness, aching, and a feeling of heaviness in the left lower leg for the past 3 months. These symptoms are relived by leg elevation. She is also awakened frequenlty by calf and foot cramping, whihc is relieved by leg elevation, walking or massage. On examination there are superficial varicosities, non pitting edema, and a slightly painful 2 cm. diamater superficial ulcer 5cm above and behind the left medial malleolus. The best treatment plan for the patient described is

A

Leg elevation, external support, and ambulation without standing

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25
In a patients who develop a documented episode of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) the most significant long-term sequale is
Development of stasis ulcer
26
A 28-year-old woman developed a painful thrombosis of a superficial varix in the left upper calf 2 days previously. After spending the 2 days in bed with her leg elevated, she felt better and the tenderness resolved; however, when out of bed she developed a twinge of right-sided chest pain when walking and a feeling of heaviness in the calf. Which treatment is most appropriate?
Order emergency venography, and if it is abnormal, begin heparin admistration
27
Ina55-year-oldgrocerystorecashierwithan8-monthhistoryoflegedemaincreasingoverthe course of a work day, associated with moderate to severe lower leg bursting pain, the most appropriate investigative study or studies are:
Doppler duplex ultrasound
28
In an otherwise healthy male with previously normal pulmonary and cardiac function, how much of the pulmonary vascular bed must usually be occluded to produce an unstable cardiovascular state (shock)?
More than 50%
29
Lytic therapy in pulmonary embolism
Can be considered for hemodynamically unstable patients
30
The single most important indication for emergency pulmonary embolectomy is
The presence of persistent and in tractable hypotension
31
In prevention of the fat emboli syndrome the primary therapy can be accomplished by which of the following
Maintaining a serum albumin value greater than 3 gm per 100 ml, in the days immediately following injury
32
Significant tachypnea and hypoxia follow developemtn of fat emboli syndrome and the goal of ventilatory support should be
Reversing pulmonary shunting using posistive end-expiaratory pressure
33
Which of the following statements correctly chracterizes the healing of prosthetic arteial grafts in humans
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts heal completely whereas Dacron grafts do not.
34
Which of the following con firms the diagnosis of transection of the descending thoracic aorta
Positive aortogram
35
When complications occur after operating on a descending thoracic aorta perhaps the most dasting is
Paraplegia
36
The most common risk associted with carotid artery aneyrysm is
Compression of the hypopharynx
37
The cause of subclavian arterial aneurysms is most often
Atherosclerosis
38
Of the visceral ansurysms, whihc is the most common
Splenic
39
Aneurysms of the renal artery are most common
In the main renal artery of the bifurcation into the primary branches
40
An aortic abdominal aneurysm was first successfully resected by
Dobost
41
Evaluation of the natural history of abdominal aortic aneurysm n patients who are followed without any surgical procedure indicates that
Approximately 20% are alive at the end of 5 years
42
The appropriate treatemtn in most situations of aortic abdominal graft that has become infected is
excision of the entire graft and insertion of an illobifemoral grafts
43
Inapatientwithanabdominalaorticaneurysmandahistoryofseveralprevious abdominal procedures for release of dense peritoneal adhesions causing episodes of intestinal obstruction, consideration should be given to which one of the following at operation?
Incision in the left flank with a retroperitoneal approach.
44
The incidence of inflammatory aortic abdominal aneurysms with dense periaortic adhesions and possible involvement of adjacent structures such as the duodenum, renal vein, and ureter is approximately:
45
Carotid artery occlusive disease most often produces transient ischemic attacks or stroke by which of the following mechanisms?
Embolization of atheromatous debris and/or clot with occlusion of intracranial branches of the carotid artery.
46
Which of the following does not describe intermittent cladication
Is often worse at night
47
In terms of long-term graft patency, the best results in the femoral tibial bypass position have been achieved with:
Segments of greater and lesser saphenous and cephalic veins spliced together.
48
Which of the following statements about femoral politeal bypass grafting is/are true
Patency rates of 80% to 90% at 1 year currently are expected
49
Which of the following statements about percutaneous renal artery transluminal angioplasty (PRTA) are true?
PRTA is associated with a higher morbidity and mortality than angioplasty for peripheral vascular disease.
50
Which of the following staements are true
In all patients with multiple trauma, arterial in juries should be repaired before other injuries are addressed.
51
A patient presents with a gunshot wound of the mid-neck. Although drunk, he exhibits no lateralizing neurologic signs. After control of his airway is achieved, he is taken directly to the operating room for control of hemorrhage. The common carotid artery has a 2-cm. destroyed segment. There is also a major esophageal injury. The best treatment for this carotid injury is:
Vein graft replacement of the common carotid artery.
52
A 35-year-old man involved in a motor vehicle accident presents with a knee dislocation that is easily reduced. Radiography of the knee shows no fracture. Which of the following statements about his treatemtn are true
Ih he has normal pulses he requires either close observation or ateriography
53
A 24-year -old man is involved in an instrial accident n whihc he sustains a crushed pelvis. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is positive. At exploration, a large pelvic hematoma is found. What is the best treatment
Do not explore the pelvic hematoma. Apply a pelvic fixator and send the patient to radiology for possible embolization of bleeding pelvic vessels
54
Which of the following statements about acute arterial occlusion today is/are not true
Surgical treatment can usually be avoided if the lesion is diagnosed early
55
Which of the following statements about lytic agents is/are true
The interval to reperfusion limits theier utility in the treatment of advanced ischemia
56
Which of the following is not an indication for postoperative heparinzation?
Dissolution of residual thrombus after ballon thromboembolectomy
57
Which of the following is/are not true of the embolectomy cather technique
The ballon is designed to dilate as it traverses aras of luminal narrowing
58
A 21-year-old woman presents with digital color changes in response to cold stimulation. Physical examination and laboratory data, including an autoimmune disease screen, are normal. She should be advised that:
Her condition is characteristic of vasospastic Raynaud's syndrome and, while she may be at a slightly higher risk for developing a connective tissue disease in the future, there is no evidence of one currently.
59
Obstructive Raynaud's syndrome can be differentiated from vasospastic Raynaud's syndrome by the:
Digital blood pressure measurement
60
The most dangerous DVT which requires the longest period of treatment
Illeofemoral DVT
61
Which of the following statements about upper extremity edema is/are true
Signs and symptoms of venous obstruction include edema, distension of the superficial veins, tightness, aching, cyanosis and pain
62
Which of the following statements about chronic mesenteric ischemia due to atherosclerosis is/are correct
Surgical treatmetn is indicated to prevemt intestinal infarction in symptomatic patients
63
Which of the following statements about angiotensin II is correct
It is a direct vasocontrictor and stimumates aldosterone production
64
Which of the following statements about atherosclerotic obstruction of the renal arteries is true?
Lesions are usually short
65
Which of the following statements about the treatment of renal artery stenosis is/are true
In patienst with severe atherosclerosis of the aorta, bypass from the splenic or hepatic arteies should be considered
66
All but one of the following statements is true. Which is not true?
More than 50% of repaired injured veins thromobose
67
Concerning in-vivo regulation of the anticoagulated state by endothelium, the following is/are true
Endothelial cells can secrete tissue factor
68
Ten years after irradiation of the neck for a tonsillar carcinoma, a 59-year-old woamn is found to have symptomatic carotid artery disease. Arteriogram shows a 70% irregular stenotic lesion. The following is/are true
Itherosclerotic disease is found, the plaque will be no diffrent than nonirradiated plaques
69
A 23-year old woman with fever, myalgia and anorexia presenst with hypertension and a cool, ischemic left arm. Angiography shows multple stenosis of the subclavian renal arteries. The following is/are true
Preferred managment consists of corticosteriods
70
Concerning the fibrinolytic system the following is/are true
TAP is acivated during fibrin bonding to plasminogen
71
An 82-year-old man with a long history of coronary and [eripheral vascular disease presents with an acutely ischemic right lower stremity. The following is/are true
If intractabel congestive heart failure is present, non-operative treatement with heparin would be appropriate
72
A 70-year old man presets with sudden pain and ischemis changes in his left leg. An arterial embolus is suspected. The following is/are true
Currently the most common cause of AF is ischemic rather than rheumatic heart disease
73
A 67-year-old man with acute popliteal arterial embolism has a negative cardiac echo for source of thethrombus. The following is/are true
Emboli from popliteal aneyreyms are often clincally silent
74
Which of the following is/are appropriate candiates for exercise testing
The patient with symptoms of intermittenet calsudication but normal resting ankle brachial indices
75
A 75-year-old man with acute popliteal arteial embolism has a negative cardiac echo for source of the thrombus. The following is/are true
embolism from popliteal ansyeryms are often clinically silent
76
Which of the following is/are appropriate candiates for excercise testing
The patient with symptoms of intermittent calsudication but normal resting ankle brachial indices
77
Which of the following statements is/ are true regarding the use of duplex scanning as a means to follow and monitor bypass grafts
Duplex scanning is accurate and most effective
78
Which of the following is/are true with respect hypertension?
Common antihypertension regimens amy have adverse effects on a patients lipid profile
79
Which of the following is/are true regarding treatemtn of diabetes
The effect of diabates are most marked in individuals with other risk factors
80
Pressure in superficial veins of the leg during standing
80 mmHg
81
Superficial thrombophelbitis may complicate
All of the above
82
About thrombophlebitis migrans
all of the baove
83
About phlegmasia cerulae dolens all the following are true except
Traeted by antocoagulants
Surgery
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