What are the four types of study design?
- Cohort study
- Cross-Sectional Study
- Case-Control Study
- Randomised Controlled Study
What is a cohort study?
- Prospective observational study
- Group identified at the beginning of
the study are followed longitudinally - Incidence
What is a cross-sectional study?
All measurements are made at the same time
No follow up period
Fast and inexpensive
Difficult to establish causal relationships
What is a case-control study?
Comparison of two groups
Often average
What is the downside of a case controls study?
Susceptability to bias in recollection
What study is considered to be the gold standard?
Randomised Control Study
What are the main points surrounding a randomised control study?
- Considered the ‘gold standard’ of research testing
- Random assignment to groups
- Demonstartes causality
- Expensive and time consuming
- Compares the proportion of groups
When may a randomised clinical study not be possible?
- Too few animals are impacted by a disorder
- Too difficult to recruit participants
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Why is a literature review important?
- Provides scientific input for vets and regulator bodies
- Useful for identifying literature gaps
- Allows us to enhance the efficiency of future research in a topic area
What is the definition of a narrative review?
➢ A summary, synthesis, or critique of the
literature on a topic & distinct from a
systematic review
➢ Clear purpose
➢ Well organised
➢ Fresh perspective
➢ Can help to writer to focus their
research plan, increase exposure,
increase citations
What is a scoping review?
- Structured
- Rigorous
- Transparent
- Reproducible
What is the meta analysis of a systematic review?
Goes beyond a narrative study by providing a quantitative assessment between the relationship of target variables, intervention effectiveness
What is the con of a systematic review?
- Time sensitive
- Cosniderable input of time
- Input of resources
- Represents evidence at a static point in time
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