Study Guide 10, 12, 14

Question 1

1. Fatty infiltration what type of disease process and when will we observe this?

Answer 1

Obesity, alcoholism, hyperlipidimia, diabetes, poor nutrition, severe hepatitis, cystic fibrosis, cirrhosis

Question 2

2. What is the sonographic findings of acute hepatitis

Answer 2

Liver texture may appear normal, but the portal vein borders are more prominent than usual and the liver parenchyma is slightly more echogenic than normal; attenuation may be preset Hepatosplenomaglay is present and the gallbladder wall is thickened

Question 3

3. Budd Chiara what is it?

Answer 3

uncommon, often dramatic illness caused by thrombosis of the hepatic veins or inferior vena cave. Presents with abdomen pain, hepatomegaly and massive ascites.

Question 4

4. Enchonical cysts where are they most common

Answer 4

Sheep-herding areas of the world, but seldom in the United States

Question 5

5. Most common benign tumor of the liver

Answer 5

Cavernous Hemangioma

Question 6

6. What benign liver tumor is found in patients with type one glycogen storage disease

Answer 6

Liver cell adenoma

Question 7

7. Patients who have hepatocellular carcinoma likely have had what?

Answer 7

Cirrhosis, Hepatitis B and C

Question 8

8. The most common form neoplastic plasma involvement of the liver

Answer 8

Metastatic Disease

Question 9

9. In severe hepatocellular destruction the AST and the ALT levels will be what

Answer 9

Elevated ?

Question 10

10. Elevation of the ALK PHOS is associated with what

Answer 10

Diffuse disease/ Fatty Infiltration and Cirrhosis Obstruction biliary obstruction o

Question 11

11. Elevation of the serum bilirubin results in what?

Answer 11

Diffuse disease/acute and chronic hepatitis Jaundice

Question 12

12. Typical symptoms patient may have with an abscess formation

Answer 12

Fever, pain, pleuritis, nausea vomiting, and diarrhea. Elevated white cell count, abnormal LFT, Anemia

Question 13

13. What tumor consists of large blood filled spaces

Answer 13

Cavernous Hemangioma

Question 14

14. Dilated intrahepatic ducts may be seen in all of the following except

Answer 14

Biliary obstruction (GB or duct stones), extrahepatic mass, common duct stricture and occlusion in the head of the pancreas will cause dilated intrahepatic ducts.

Question 15

15. What benign liver tumor is located at the free edge of the liver and it is well described and solitary

Answer 15

Liver cell adenoma

Question 16

16. Common malignancy that includes the pediatric population

Answer 16

Neuroblastomas, Wilm’s Tumor

Question 17

17. Older man alcoholism diagnosed acute pancreatitis hepatic and hypotensive level decreases what’s happening

Answer 17

Hemorraghic Pancreantitis

Question 18

18. A patient with painless jaundice and weight loss and a decrease appetite what are we looking at?

Answer 18

Adenocarcinoma

Question 19

19. Serum blank level is twice the level usually indicated acute pancreatitis

Answer 19

amalayse

Question 20

20. What are the clinical signs and symptoms (acute pancreatitis)

Answer 20

Clinical signs: Sudden onset of meoderate to severe abdominal pain with radiation to back
Nausea, vomiting
History of gallstones
Mild fever

Question 21

21. What is the most common cause for pancreatitis in the United States

Answer 21

Biliary tract disease

Question 22

22. A condition that causes increase secretion of abnormal mucus by the exocrine glands

Answer 22

Fibrocystic disease of the pancreas

Question 23

23. Borders distinct irregular
Hypoechoic texture (edema)

Answer 23

Acute Pancreaitis appearance

Question 24

23. Irregular borders
    Mixed echogenicity
    Look for calculi within duct

Answer 24

Chronic pancreaitits appearance

Question 25

24. Ortho topic what does it mean?

Answer 25

Placing the new organ in the same exact spot as the old organ

Question 26

25. How many liver transplants are performed each year?

Answer 26

5,000

Question 27

26. Know the complications from a liver transplant

Answer 27

1. hepatic artery thrombosis/most common 2. thrombus in portal vein or IVCinfectionfluid collections- hematomas, ascesses, bilimas, ascitites and seromasbiliary leaks

Question 28

27. Know the complications of renal transplants

Answer 28

Rejection, ATN, malignancy, extra peritoneal fluid collections (HUAL), obstructive nephropathy, graft rupture and renal thrombosis.

Question 29

28. What is ESRD stand for?

Answer 29

End Stage Renal Disease

Question 30

29. Which kidney is more likely to be used from the donor?

Answer 30

The left kidney because the left renal vein is longer than the right

Question 31

30. Sonographic appearance of a kidney that is failing

Answer 31

At first, the kidneymay be swollen with fluid collections indicating infection. Then the cortex will shrink and the whole kidney will atrophy and become more echogenic when chronic.

Question 32

31. Know what ATN is?

Answer 32

Acute Tubular Necrosis/ is a common cause of acute posttransplant failure.