Study Guide (in class notes)

Question 1

Booker T. Washington

Answer 1

• “Pull yourself up by your bootstraps”
• Tuskegee Institute
• Meets TR & is a trailblazer for Civil Rights

Question 2

Teddy Roosevelt puts Taft in his shadow

Answer 2

• Wants to be part of the presidency and forms his own party
  - Bull Moose Party
  - The popular vote is split and causes Wilson, a democrat, to win
• TR is almost assassinated
• Bullet stays in him for the rest of his life

Question 3

World War 1 = a rats’ nest

Answer 3

• Technology is far ahead of the tactics
• The beginning of the war (1914-1917)
  - Assination + war fever + alliances = major powers of Europe at war
  - Gavril Princep changed everything
• Queen Victoria married off all her kids to European neighbors
  - Monarchs will be powerless after WW1
  - Blood Feud between angry cousins
• Allied Powers vs Central Powers
  - No clear difference of values, but the Allies (except Russia) are more democratic
  - Both fight to stalemate
  - No man’s land = trench warfare (shovels are used a weapon)
  - Naval efforts to disrupt supplies
• U.S. officially is neutral, leans towards Allies (Monroe Doctrine)
  - U.S. population has more ties to Allies
  - Trends more w/Allies
  - Germans have image problems, especially after attack on Belgium
  – sale of supplies and eventually loans to Allies

Question 4

Mary Malon

Answer 4

• Typhoid Mary carrier
• Quarantined on an island
  → the Titanic and Eastland
  → we need to preserve the world for democracy ←
  - Allows British blockade all supplies to Germany (not legal)
  - Protests German U-boat sinking of ships (especially Lusitania)
  - Peace Mvmnt supports neutrality and influences President Wilson
  - No crucial U.S. interests at stake
  - U.S. should seek to end the war peacefully

Question 5

The Tide Turns

Answer 5

• European Developments (Jan - Mar 1917)
  - Germans declared unrestricted submarine warfare
  - Russia Revolution…democratic gov (all Allies now democratic)

Question 6

Zimmerman Note

Answer 6

Germany promised territory if Mexico will fight

Question 7

Doughboys

Answer 7

• Shape of the helmet
• Little pudgy
• American soldiers

Question 8

The War Ends

Answer 8

• Promising conclusion
  - Arrival of U.S. forces…victories for Allies
  - Rebellions overthrow German and Austrian rulers and implant new governments
  - New government ends fighting, hope for peace based on 14 points
  - Germany does not surrender
  - Issues and armistice
• Wilson heads back to Europe for peace negotiation
• Disappointing results
  – Treaty of Versailles - very harsh on the Germans (against 14 points)
  - Take blame for the war and pay money
  - Lose territory
  - Military restrictions (100,000 man army, no subs or air force)
  – League of Nations created but the Senate disapproves and the U.S. doesn’t join
• Many convinced WW1 intervention was a mistake that increased isolationism
  – Petticoat administration = Edith acts as president while Wilson suffers a stroke

Question 9

Roaring Twenties

Answer 9

• A New Era with Warren G. Harding
• Return to normalcy
• Dies in office
• One of the greatest presidents..or not
  – Tea Pot Dome scandal

Question 10

Positive trends (roaring 20’s)

Answer 10

• Growing economy, relatively low unemployment
• 16th amendment (tax) passes
• Problem = federal reserve bank
  – printing money that has no value
• Automboiles provide center of manufacturing
• Growth of consumer goods, especially electric appliances
• Growth of entertainment – movies, radios,r records
  - Stunt people (Charles Blondin)
  - Aviation

Question 11

Troubling issues

Answer 11

• Rich benefit more from economic growth
  – Buy stock with borrowed money
• Women’s fashion
  – Skinny, flapper, drink and smoke
  - Night clubs
  – Women’s sexuality
• Low wages and declining unions
• Overproduction, falling prices on farms
• People borrowing money in order to buy stocks

Question 12

Calvin Coolidge

Answer 12

• Silent Cal
  - a smart president but quiet.

Question 13

Emma Goldman

Answer 13

• Defied steroypes
• Rebelled against standards
• Anarchism and labor laws
• Deported back to Russia but returned to the U.S. later in life

Question 14

The Teapot Dome Scandal

Answer 14

• Oil = black gold
• More efficient
• Taft put oil store in rock -shape ea pot
• Harding convinced by Albert Fall to transfer control of oil teapot to Fall
  – Accepted bribes to lease the land
  - Circumvented bidding

Question 15

1927 Mississippi Flood

Answer 15

• Spread over 1,000 miles of river-bottom between Cario and Gulf
• Hoover was put in charge of resuce operations
  – Mobilizled resources of the Army, Navy, Red Cross, Coast Guard
  – Established camps w/ food
  – 700,000 refugees escaped, only 6 killed

Question 16

Associated press

Answer 16

• Ticker tape w/ memo
• Baseball and boxing

Question 17

Movie palace

Answer 17

• Common folk
• Evening event (fancy)

Question 18

Scopes Trial = one of the biggest court cases of the 1920s

Answer 18

• Evolution
  – William Jennings Bryan (prosecutor)

Question 19

The Southern Diaspora

Answer 19

• After the Civil War
• tenant/sharecropper farmers
• Mississippi River Delta
  - Lots of people moved from there to Chicago
  - Lots of water and rich nutrients
• Build levies along MS River to prevent flooding
  - Best farmland in the world
  - People bring their cultures
  - Blues music

Question 20

How did people get from the MS Delta get to Chicago? Why?

Answer 20

Illinois central (Pullam Porters)
- Rise of Black middle class
- Negotiated for better working conditions and wages
- Cool pickles

Question 21

Rock’roll

Answer 21

– Ike and Tina Turner
- Blues music beings in Delta MS in sharecropper huts
- Chicago had a lot of blues artists record labels
– Bronzeville
- The Black Metropolis

Question 22

Harlem Renaissance

Answer 22

• New York
• Cotton Club

Question 23

Push Factors

Answer 23

• need new work
• Bo Weavil

Question 24

Pull Factors

Answer 24

perception of equal opportunity