What is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose?
Flumazenil
Benzodiazepine overdose causes CNS and respiratory depression.
What is the primary treatment for ecstasy (MDMA) intoxication?
Supportive management
This includes addressing complications like hyperthermia and agitation.
What is the first-line pharmacological treatment for opioid dependence?
Methadone
It is used in patients engaging with structured services and able to adhere to supervised consumption.
What urgent treatment is required for cocaine-induced hyperthermia?
IV benzodiazepines
This is necessary to control agitation and muscle activity.
How does methadone function in treating opioid dependence?
It acts on opioid receptors
Methadone is a synthetic opioid agonist that eliminates withdrawal symptoms and relieves drug cravings.
A young woman presenting with insomnia and increased heart rate may have used illicit ________.
Methylphenidate
This substance is often used to improve concentration.
What is the recommended treatment for opiate overdose?
Small boluses of naloxone
This reverses respiratory depression while ensuring adequate pain management.
What should a patient with suspected alcohol intoxication undergo in the Emergency Department?
Blood glucose measurement
This is to rule out hypoglycaemia as a potential complication.
What symptoms can mania present with?
- Grandiose delusions
- Elated mood
- High energy levels
- Hallucinations
Mania can include psychotic symptoms.
What symptoms can opioid withdrawal present with?
- Gastrointestinal symptoms
- Tachycardia
- Hypertension
- CNS stimulation
These symptoms indicate withdrawal from opioids.
In acute opiate withdrawal, what is not advised?
Prescription of opiates
Instead, symptomatic relief can be provided through loperamide for diarrhoea or lofexidine for physical symptoms.
