Summary

Question 1

Natural Law

Answer 1

• syneresis: ‘the intuitive knowledge of first principles’
• primary precepts (acronym POWER)
• deontological outcomes (2ndary precepts) come from a teleological worldview bc everything has a rational purpose (telos)
• Aquinas’ human flourishing: our greatest happiness will be found by aligning the NL with God’s eternal laws

Question 2

Kant

Answer 2

• purely deontological
• morality is a priori synthetic (like we need a concept of number before we can count, we need a concept of the CI before we can apply it)
• contradictions: contradiction in nature (suicide, breaking promises) and contradiction in will (not helping our neighbour)
• summum bonum, greatest good - POPR

Question 3

Utilitarianism

Answer 3

• teleological so depends on the end we ensue
• either pleasure (Bentham: ‘‘sovereign two masters, pleasure and pain’) or happiness (Mill)
• objective, empirical goodness by counting Hedons (B) or desires (Mill)
• consequentialism
• apply GHP

Question 4

Situation Ethics

Answer 4

• goodness is accepted by faith as the supreme norm (positivism)
• fletcher says no intrinsic good can be proved, it has to be posited

Question 5

Mill on why we act sympathetically for others happiness

Answer 5

“In the Golden Rule of Jesus of Nazareth (“do to others as you would have them do to you” Matthew 7:18), is all the ethics of utility”

Question 6

Why do we love according to situation ethics?

Answer 6

‘we love because God first loved us’ (1 John 4:19)