sunya datasheet - Sheet2

Question 1

5G

Answer 1

• Subscriptions: India expected to have 500 million 5G users by 2027 (39% of mobile subscribers)\n- Economic Impact: Cumulative impact of over $1 trillion by 2035 (DoT Report)\n- Revenue Potential: $27 billion by 2026\n- Implementation costs: Estimated $60-70 billion (Deloitte)

Question 2

Big Data

Answer 2

• Market size: Expected to reach $18.8 billion by 2025 (CAGR 27%)\n- India

Question 3

Blockchain Technology

Answer 3

• Global Investment: $5.6 billion; India

Question 4

Cryptocurrency

Answer 4

• India attracted $638 million in crypto and blockchain investments in 2021 (Tracxn Data)

Question 5

Defence Budget

Answer 5

• Ministry of Defence (MoD) allocation increased by 9.8% to INR 5.25 trillion (USD 70.6 billion) for 2022-23\n- 68% of capital budget earmarked for domestic manufacturing industries

Question 6

Arms Imports

Answer 6

• India accounted for 11% of global arms imports in 2017-21 (SIPRI 2021 report)\n- Top suppliers: Russia, France, and Israel\n- Decline in global arms transfers by 4.6% between 2017-21 compared to 2012-16 (SIPRI report)

Question 7

Defence Exports

Answer 7

• India

Question 8

IPCC Report

Answer 8

• Over 45% of the global population lives in areas highly vulnerable to climate change.\n- Global sea levels projected to rise 44-76 cm this century if current emission-cutting pledges are met.\n- Urban India faces increased risk, with projected population of 877 million by 2050.

Question 9

Climate Change Targets

Answer 9

• IPCC AR6 (2021): Average global temperatures expected to rise by 1.5°C in 20 years and 2°C by 2050.\n- To limit temperature rise, CO2 levels must decrease by 45% by 2030, reaching net zero emissions.

Question 10

INDC and Climate Impact

Answer 10

• Current international pledges (INDC) suggest a path towards 3°C or more of global warming (Emissions Gap Report).\n- UNFCCC NDC Synthesis Report 2021 indicates current efforts could limit temperature rise to 1°C.

Question 11

Climate Finance

Answer 11

• $5.7 trillion annually needed for climate action, with $4 trillion required in developing countries (Economic Survey 2018).\n- India seeks $1 trillion in climate finance over the next decade from developed nations.

Question 12

CO2 and SO2 Emissions

Answer 12

• India

Question 13

E-waste

Answer 13

• India generated 3.23 million tons of e-waste, making it the third-largest producer globally (Global e-waste monitor Report 2020).\n- Only 17.4% of e-waste in India is collected or recycled.\n- Global e-waste expected to increase by 38% by 2030.

Question 14

Waste Management

Answer 14

• India is the third-largest waste generator globally.\n- Only 25% of total waste in India is treated; 75% is dumped in landfills.\n- Plastic waste generation exceeds 9000 tonnes per day in India (CPCB 2019).

Question 15

Plastic Waste Management

Answer 15

• India notified Plastic Waste Management Amendment Rules, 2021, prohibiting single-use plastic from July 1, 2022.\n- Only 60% of plastic waste is recycled in India.

Question 16

River Pollution (Ganga)

Answer 16

• Ganga

Question 17

Sources of River Pollution

Answer 17

• 80% of river pollution due to untreated waste and 20% due to industries.\n- Namami Ganga: Only 20% of allocated funds utilized (CAG Report).

Question 18

Water Stress and Pollution

Answer 18

• India ranks 13th out of 17 most water-stressed countries (World Resource Institute).\n- Per capita availability: 1,486 m³ (India is water-scarce) (CWC Report).\n- Ministry of Urban Development: 80% of India’s surface water is polluted.\n- NITI Aayog Report: 40% of Indian population will have no access to drinking water.

Question 19

Groundwater Table (GWT)

Answer 19

• India is the largest groundwater user (25% of global extraction).\n- 90% of groundwater used for irrigation.\n- NASA reports India

Question 20

Air Pollution

Answer 20

• India ranks in the bottom five out of 180 countries for air quality (Environment Performance Index 2022).\n- World Air Quality Report 2021 (IQAir) highlights severe PM2.5 levels.\n- Delhi tops global charts for air pollution (Environment Performance Index 2022).\n- Lancet report: Air pollution caused 1.7 million deaths in India in 2019, contributing to 18% of total deaths and a 1.4% GDP loss due to premature mortality and morbidity.

Question 21

India’s Vulnerability

Answer 21

• Earthquake: 60% of landmass prone to earthquakes.\n- Floods: 12% area prone to floods.\n- Drought: 68% area prone to drought.\n- Tsunami/Cyclone: 76% of coastline prone to disasters.

Question 22

Positive Example (Odisha)

Answer 22

• In 1999 Cyclone: 13,000 deaths.\n- Cyclone Jawad: 2 deaths, showcasing improved disaster preparedness.

Question 23

Global Climate Risk Index 2021

Answer 23

• India ranks as the 7th most vulnerable country.\n- Floods caused by heavy rains led to 1,800 deaths and affected 11.8 million people, causing $10 billion in economic damage.

Question 24

UN Report on Economic Losses

Answer 24

• Cost of disasters in India: $76 billion (1999-2017).\n- Globally, a 151% rise in economic costs due to disasters.

Question 25

IPCC Report

Answer 25

- In the last 20 years:\n - Disaster-related deaths: 1.3 million.\n - People affected: 4.4 billion.\n - Economic cost: $2 trillion.

Question 26

Terrorism

Answer 26

- Highest deaths by Communist Party of India (Maoist) (53% of all deaths).\n- Jammu and Kashmir: 176% rise in terrorist incidents, 93% rise in security personnel deaths (2014-2018).\n- India ranks 8th in most terrorism-affected countries (Global Terrorism Index 2020).

Question 27

Left-Wing Extremism

Answer 27

- Number of surrendered cadres: 480 in 2018, 340 in 2019.\n- 43% reduction in deaths (2014-2018).\n- Affected states: 9 states, 60 districts.

Question 28

Mob Lynching

Answer 28

- Rising instances: 45 killed in 40 cases (2014-2018).\n- Instances like

Question 29

Black Money

Answer 29

- Black money in India: 75% of GDP (FICCI 2015).\n- Black money stashed abroad: Estimates vary.

Question 30

Money Laundering

Answer 30

- 2-5% of world GDP involved in money laundering (IMF).\n- India ranked 88th in AML Basel Index 2017.

Question 31

Organised Crime

Answer 31

NCRB – 378 communal riots (2021) ● The NCR reported the highest crime rate among all metropolitan cities in 2016. ● Crimes against women: top state - UP (2016)

Question 32

Cyber Security

Answer 32

India ranked 2nd in cyber security breaches ● 5 th most vulnerable country in the world in terms of cybersecurity breaches ● India saw at least 1 cybercrime every 10 min ● Cost: $4 Bn dollars. Expected to reach $20 Bn in next 10 years.