Symptoms

Question 1

Hypercalcemia

Answer 1

1. Reduced Excitability of muscles + Nerves
2. Confusion, Psychosis
3. Seizures, Coma

Question 2

Hyperphosphatemia

Answer 2

Asymptomatic

1. Symptoms of Hypercalcemia

Question 3

Hyponatremia

Answer 3

Cell Swelling (Mental status)

1. Drowsiness, lethargy. restlessness
2. Confusion
3. Seizure + Coma

Question 4

Hypermagnesemia

Answer 4

“nerves and muscles slowed down”

1. Lethargy, Drowsiness
2. Muscle weakness
3. Dec DTR

Question 5

Hypophosphatemia

Answer 5

1. CNS depression (coma, confusion)

2. Muscle weakness (respiratory, deadly)

Question 6

Hypernatremia

Answer 6

Cell Shrinks (Mental status)

1. Headache, irritability, difficulty concentrating
2. Confusion
3. Seizures, Coma

Question 7

Hypocalcemia

Answer 7

1. Tetany
2. EKG changes
3. Trousseau’s sign
4. Chvostek’s sign
5. Paresthesia
6. Muscle spasms

Question 8

Hyperkalemia

Answer 8

Both Have:
1. Muscle weakness
2. EKG changes
3. Fatigue
4. Paresthesia
\+ Irritability, confusion, loss of muscle tone

Question 9

Hypokalemia

Answer 9

Both Have:
1. Muscle weakness
2. EKG changes
3. Fatigue
4. Paresthesia
\+ Cramps

Question 10

Hypomagnesemia

Answer 10

“revved up muscles and nerves”

1. Tremors
2. Seizures
3. Muscle cramps
4. Vertigo (dizziness)
5. Hyperactive DTR
6. (+) Chvostek + Trousseau
7. Inc pulse + BP