Syncope

Question 1

What is syncope

Answer 1

loss of consciousness due to disruption of blood flow to the brain leading to a fall
AKA Vasovagal episode//Fainting

Question 2

What are the primary causes of Syncope

Answer 2

Dehydration
Missed meals
Warm environment
Surprise/ pain/ sight of blood

Question 3

What are the secondary causes of syncope

Answer 3

Hypoglycemia
Dehydration
Anaemia
Infection
Anaphylaxis
Arrythmia
Valvular heart disease
Cardiomyopathy

Question 4

What are the presentations of Syncope

Answer 4

Hot/ Clammy
Sweaty
Dizzy
Losing vision
Headache

Question 5

How can you investigate Syncope

Answer 5

Full history
ECG - Arrythmia and Long QT (TDP)
24hr ECG
Echocardiogram - Structural HD
Bloods - FBC, Electrolytes and glucose

Question 6

How is syncope managed

Answer 6

Avoid triggers (Primary)
Treat underlying cause (Secondary)