Synergy Patterns

Question 1

Cause of Synergy Patterns

Answer 1

Higher centers of the brain are damaged and lose control => stereotyped patterns of the BUEs and BLEs emerge

Question 2

Upper Limb Flexor Synergy (scapula-thumb)

Answer 2

• scapula: elevation and retraction
• shoulder: abd and ER
• elbow: flexion
• forearm: supination
• wrist: flexion
• fingers: flexion with add
• thumb: flexion and add

Question 3

When is the Flexor Synergy seen?

Answer 3

When the pt attempts to lift the arm or reach for an object

Question 4

Upper Limb Extensor Synergy (scapula-thumb)

Answer 4

• scapula: depression and protraction
• shoulder: adduction and IR
• elbow: extension
• forearm: pronation
• wrist: extension
• fingers: flexion with adduction (same as flexor**)
• thumb: flexion and adduction (same as flexor**)

Question 5

Lower Extremity Flexor Synergy (hip-toes)

Answer 5

• hip: abd and ER
• knee: flexion
• ankle: DF with supination
• toes: extension*

Question 6

Lower Extremity Extensor Synergy (hip-toes)

Answer 6

• hip: extension, adduction, and IR
• knee: extension
• ankle: PF with inversion
• toes: flexion* and adduction

Question 7

What is the Lower Extremity Flexor Synergy characterized by?

Answer 7

Big toe extension and flexion of the remaining toes secondary to spasticity