What is the basic structure of a synapse?
A synapse consists of a presynaptic terminal, synaptic cleft, and postsynaptic membrane.
What are the 2 features of synapses?
- Unidirection : information passed in one direction.
2.
True or False: The synaptic cleft is filled with fluid.
True
Fill in the blank: The presynaptic neuron releases ________ into the synaptic cleft.
neurotransmitters
What is the role of neurotransmitters in synaptic transmission?
Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, leading to a response in the postsynaptic neuron.
What are the two main types of synapses?
Chemical synapses and electrical synapses.
How is the post synaptic neurone adapted to receive the neurotransmitter?
Has receptor proteins on the membrane that are complementary to the neurotransmitter.
Receptor ONLY on postsynpatic membrane, ensure unidirectional transmission.
What occurs during skeletal muscle contraction?
Muscle fibers shorten due to the sliding filament mechanism involving actin and myosin.
What is the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction?
Calcium ions bind to troponin, causing a conformational change that allows myosin to bind to actin.
What is the neuromuscular junction?
The synapse between a motor neuron and a skeletal muscle fiber.
What are the primary components of the skeletal structure?
Bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is the part of the neuron that receives signals/impulses.
dendrite
What is the function of myelin in nerve cells?
Myelin insulates axons and increases the speed of electrical impulses.
What occurs during the repolarization phase of an action potential?
(K+) Potassium ions move out the neuron membrane, restoring the negative charge inside the cell.
What is the all-or-nothing principle in relation to action potentials?
An action potential can occurs fully or not at all, depending on if the threshold(of-55mv) is reached.
