Systematic Approach

Question 1

Primary Survey Steps

Answer 1

D - Danger
R - Response
A - Airway
B - Breathing
C - Circulation
D - Disability

Question 2

Primary Survey
Danger

Answer 2

• can you see, hear or smell anything
• do not proceed until danger has been cleared

Question 3

Primary Survey
Response

Answer 3

A - Alert
V - Verbal
P - Pain
U - Unresponsive

Question 4

Primary Survey
If a patient is unresponsive?

Answer 4

go straight to C (circulation), then A (airway) and B (breathing)

Question 5

Primary Survey
Airway

Answer 5

• is the airway clear and patent
• TAM/DAM
• consider airway management

Question 6

Primary Survey
Breathing

Answer 6

• yes or no
• do we need to ventilate

Question 7

Primary Survey
Circulation

Answer 7

• yes or no
• CPR and defibrillation

Question 8

Pt unresponsive but has pulse
next steps

Answer 8

• reposition, open airway (DAM, TAM)
• suctioning if required
• airway adjunct (NPA, OPA or iGel
• c-spine if indicated

Question 9

circulation isnt strong enough
next steps

Answer 9

• resus, CPR, defibrillation (extreme cases)
• haemorrhage control
• fluid resus

Question 10

Secondary Assessments

Answer 10

• Neurological
• respiratory
• cardiovascular
• head to toe be specific on what you are looking for i.e. trauma, pain, rashes etc.

Question 11

Neurological Assessment

Answer 11

• GCS
• pupils (equal and reactive)
• motor sensory function (strength and sensation)

Question 12

Respiratory Assessment

Answer 12

• rate
• rhythm
• effort
• skin
• sounds
• speech

Question 13

Cardiovascular Assessment

Answer 13

• pulse
• blood pressure
• ECG (12-lead if indicated)
• BSL
• SP02
• temperature

Question 14

History Acquisition
SAMPLED

Answer 14

S - signs and symptoms the pts feels
A - allergies
M - medications the pt takes and compliance
P - past medical history
L - lists of lasts, food, urine, bowels etc.
E - events prior, what happened just before
D - do they have an advanced directive

Question 15

History Aquisition
OPQRST - pain

Answer 15

O - onset, what were you doing when it started
P - provocation, what makes it better/worse
Q - quality, describe the pain
R - radiation, does it move from site
S - severity, 1-10 scale
T - timing, when did the pain start

Question 16

Clinical Handover
IMISTAMBO

Answer 16

I - identification
M - mechanism of injury or complaint
I - injuries/information relevant to complaint
S - signs, vital signs we took
T - treatment and trends, did it work
A - allergies
M - medication
B - background, their medical history
O - other, social situation, the scene, anything pertinent

Question 17

GCS
Eyes

Answer 17

4 - spontaneous
3 - voice
2 - pain
1 - no response

Question 18

GCS
Verbal

Answer 18

5 - oriented
4 - confused
3 - inappropriate
2 - moans & groans
1 - no response

Question 19

GCS
Motor

Answer 19

6 - obeys commands
5 - localises to pain
4 - withdraws from pain
3 - flexion
2 - extension
1 - no response