Where are neutrons and protons found on an atom
Within the nucleus
Where are the electrons found on the atom
Electrons are found in a shell around the nucleus
How do you know the element
The number of protons in the nucleus
What does the negative sign mean
- Electrons
What does the positive sign mean
+ Protons
Which moves towards the other
The electrons move towards the protons
What does voltage mean
Voltage (V) is the attraction between the negative electrons and the positive protons
-measured in Volts (v)
What does current mean
Current (I) is the speed at which the electrons are travelling towards the positive protons
-measured in amps (A)
What is charge
Charge (Q) is the number of protons or electrons
-measured in coulombs (c)
What is a resister
A resister (R) slows down electrons
-measured in ohms (omega sign)
How does the battery stop
The battery stops as eventually the number of electrons will run out, and the battery stops as it will lose its voltage
Describe conductors
-Conductors conduct electricity due to electrons pushing against each other, causing them to move instantly
-only some materials have enough free electrons to allow this
-eg metals, copper, water (humans and animals are 70% water, therefore they conduct electricity)- humans conduct electricity through their nervous system
Describe Insulators
Insulators are materials that don’t have enough free electrons to have this knock on effect
-eg rubber, plastic, wood, glass, air- don’t conduct electricity
-a lightning cloud can break down an insulator if the voltage (attraction) is high enough
What is a semi conductor
-a conductor with a gap
-eg silicon or germanium
What are ions
Ions are atoms with a charge, either positive or negative
-positive ions have lost electrons, therefore have more protons than electrons
-negative ions have gained an electron, therefore have more electrons than protons
