TB

Question 1

Common sign’s and symptom’s of TB?

Answer 1

• Chronic productive cough
• Tiredness
• Night sweat’s
• Weight loss
• Swollen gland’s

Question 2

Pathophysiology of TB?

Answer 2

1. Mycobacteria inhaled, transmitted to alveoli
2. Mycobacteria enter’s lymph system, which travel’s to bone’s, kidney’s and cerebral cortex, inflammatory response stimulated
3. Phagocytes engulf bacteria
4. TB specific lymphocytes destroy bacteria and normal tissue
5. Exudate accumulates in alveoli causing bronchopneumonia
6. Live and dead bacilli form granulomas and form fibrous tissue mass
7. Ghontubercie becomes necrotic forming cheesy mass - calcifies or forms scar = disease dormant
8. If cheesy meats released into alveoli, bacteria becomes airborne on expiration and spread’s

Question 3

TB cause’s?

Answer 3

People with low immunity ie cancer patients, people with chronic illness, advanced age as dormant TB organism’s can reactivate and multiply in weakened immune system’s

Can be caught by an airborne droplet

Question 4

TB nursing diagnose’s?

Answer 4

Ineffective airway clearance r/t thick secretions, fatigue and poor cough

Risk of impaired gas exchange r/t decrease in functioning lung surface (atelectasis)

Question 5

Assessment’s

Answer 5

Posterior chest (IPPA), lung expansion - equal
Lymph assessment - swollen neck gland’s

Question 6

TB nursing intervention’s, rationale and evaluation?

Answer 6

Adminster medication’s as prescribed and educate importance of taking AB’s even after symptoms are gone to treat the infection

Encourage food, fluid, exercise and sleep to ensure the body is well rested to fight infections

Reduce spread of infection - isolation, educate patient to cover mouth when coughing, hand hygiene, wear a mask to prevent other people from being infected and keep patient free from other bacteria