Describe the structural illusion and how to compensate for it.
- Caused by effects of heat waves, rain, snow, sleet or other visual obscuration. Straight line seems curved when seen through heat rays in desert.
Curvature of the A/C windscreen also causes it due to refraction of light rays as they pass through the windscreen. - Compensate- Experience and Knowlege
- Describe reversible perspective and how to compensate for it.
- perceive an aircraft to be moving away as it is actually coming toward you. Usually happens when other A/C is flying a parallel course.
- Compensate- Proper Scan and 3 R’s Red on Right is Returning
- Describe the crater illusion and how to compensate for it.
- When crew members land at night under NVD conditions and the IR searchlight is too far under the nose. This will cause an illusion of landing upslope .
- Compensate- Proper scanning and proper use of the landing and search lights.
After practicing VMC approaches to Stinson, you transition over to Cairns AAF, and perform a VMC approach. Your IP tells you that your approach at Cairns was much too high and steep, even though it seemed identical to the approaches you made at Stinson. Which visual illusion are you experiencing, and why is this occurring?
Size Distance illusion. The size/ length of the runway is different from cairns to Stinson.
- In a UH-60M, battery life (when batteries are the only source of dc power) is approximately ___ minutes, when all equipment is used. This time can be increased by turning off non-essential equipment, the _____ ____, and _________ _______ ________.
NOTE: When only battery power is available, ____ charged batteries will provide ____ minutes of power at night assuming all dc electrical equipment is left on and used, including the _______ _________. The battery life will be increased by turning off unnecessary equipment.
Pilots MFD, limiting radio transmissions, 80%, 12 minutes, search light
- What is an emission point?
A steady or fluctuating pinpoint of bright light in the image area that does not go away when all light is blocked from the objective lens of that monocular.
What is edge glow, what causes it and how do you check for it?
Edge glow is a bright area (sometimes sparkling) in the outer portion of the viewing area.
- Caused by defective phosphor screen that permits light feedback to the photocathode, and is checked by blocking all the light by cupping your hand over the lens. If it is edge glow the bright are will still show up.
Explain shading. Which cosmetic blemish should it not be confused with? Describe the two other items as explained in the note (same page) it should not be confused with?
You will not see a fully circular image, always begins on edge and moves inward.
- Do not confuse shading with variations in output brightness variation or improper adjustment.
- When must the ARRIVAL DATA section of the PPC be completed?
+5degrees Celsius/ +1000’ PA/ +500lbs (dATM Task 1010)
