List the essential teaching skills.
- People Skills
- Subject Matter Expertise
- Management Skills
- Assessment Skills
What are people skills?
The ability to interact and connect with people. Technical knowledge is useless if the instructor fails to communicate it effectively. The two-way process of effective communication means actively listening to the student, as well as teaching him or her.
What is subject matter expertise?
The instructor must be an expert in the subject he is teaching. The instructor is not only knowledgeable about aviation, but also knowledgeable about teaching.
What are management skills?
The ability to plan, organize, lead and supervise. Plan, organize and carry out a lesson. Needs to know how to manage time well. Must be able to supervise students and make sure they are doing things properly.
What are assessment skills?
Must be able to accurately assess a student to determine strengths and weaknesses.
What are the two types of objectives?
- Performance Objective
2. Decision Objective
Describe performance objectives.
Set measurable, reasonable standards that describe the desired performance before moving on. Objectives must be clear, measurable, and repeatable. Begin writing a lesson with performance-based objectives (PTS).
What are the three elements to a performance objective?
- Description of the Skill or Behavior - Explains the desired outcome of the instruction. Should be in concrete terms that can be measured.
- Conditions - Specifically explain the rules under which the skill or behavior is demonstrated.
Info such as equipment, tools, reference material, and limiting parameters are included. - Criteria - A list of standards which measure the accomplishment of the objective.
Criteria should be states so that there is no question whether the objective has been met. PTS provides specific performance criteria for instructors to measure student actions.
Describe decision objectives.
By using dynamic and meaningful scenarios, the instructor teaches the student how to gather information and make informed, safe, and timely decisions.
How should you organize material in a lesson plan?
- Intro - Sets the stage
- Attention - Story, video clip, etc. to direct attention to the lesson.
- Motivation - Reasons why the info is important.
- Overview - A clear presentation of objectives and key ideas
- Development - Main body
- Past to present
- Simple to complex
- Known to unknown
- Most frequently used to least - Conclusion - Retraces important elements and relates to objective.
Name the different teaching methods.
- Lecture Method
- Guided Discussion Method
- Computer Assisted Learning
- Demonstration-Performance Method
- Drill & Practice Method
Discuss the lecture method.
The instructor delivers his knowledge via lectures to students who are more or less silent participants. Suitable for presenting new material, for summarizing ideas, and for showing relationships. Several types of lectures such as the illustrated talk where the speaker relies heavily on visual aids to convey ideas to the listeners.
Discuss the guided discussion method.
Encourages active participation of the students. Ask questions. Helpful in areas where students can use initiative and imagination in addressing problems.
Discuss the computer assisted method.
Reduces manpower. Students can move at their own rate. Not practical for an entire training program.
Discuss the demonstration-performance method.
Desirable for teaching a skill. Many lessons can combine the lecture and demonstration-performance method. The initial info is given in a classroom and lecture, then the info is applied in the airplane.
Discuss the drill & practice method.
Connections are strengthened with practice. Pretty much practicing a certain skill. Law of Exercise!
What are the traits of effective problems?
- Relate to the real world
- Require students to make decisions
- Open ended questions
- Connect previous learned knowledge to new knowledge
- Reflect lesson objectives
- Challenge students to think critically
What is the approach to teaching HOTS such as risk management, ADM, situational awareness, etc.?
- Set up the problem
- Determine learning outcomes for the problem
- Solve the problem or task
- Reflect on problem solving process
- Consider additional solutions through guided discovery
- Re-evaluate solution with additional options.
- Reflect on this solution and why it is the best.
- Consider what best means.
What is scenario based training?
Reality based training.
What makes a good scenario?
- Is not a test
- Will not have one right answer
- Does not offer an obvious answer
- Should not promote errors
- Should promote situational awareness and opportunities for ADM.
What is collaborative problem solving?
Two or more working together to solve a problem. Instructor provides assistance only when needed.
What is the case study method?
A case study is a written or oral account of a real-world situation that contains a message that educates the student. NTSB is a good example.
What are the benefits of instructional aids?
- Help students remember information
- Hold their attention
- Can utilize multiple senses
- Help solve language barriers
How do you use instructional aids?
- Clearly establish the objective
- Gather necessary data
- Organize the material
- Select the ideas to be supported with aids
