Teamwork

Question 1

what is a team?

Answer 1

two or more people who perform interdependent tasks to work towards accomplishing a mission or special objective

Question 2

who came up with ‘The Big Five’?

Answer 2

Salas et al

Question 3

who came up with the Stages of Team Development?

Answer 3

Tuckman

Question 4

who came up with the team roles?

Answer 4

Belbin

Question 5

what are the three theoretical models that discuss the approaches to team formation?

Answer 5

The ‘Big Five’
Stages of Team Development
Team Roles

Question 6

What is the Big Five (Salas et al, 2005)?

Answer 6

Team leadership
Mutual performance monitoring
Backup behaviour
Adaptability
Team orientation

Question 7

what does team leadership consist of? (the big five)

Answer 7

defining goals and organising resources, diagnosing issues and generating solutions etc.

Question 8

what does mutual performance monitoring consist of? (the big five)

Answer 8

keeping track of team members’ work whilst attending to own work (shared mental model and open, trusting and cohesive climate is required)

Question 9

what does backup behaviour consist of? (the big five)

Answer 9

members providing resources and/or effort to the task when needed e.g. feedback/coaching, assistance of overloaded teammate, completion of task for overloaded teammate

Question 10

what does adaptability consist of? (the big five)

Answer 10

amendment/adjustments of actions prompted by recognitions of deviations from expected trajectory and unanticipated challenges

Question 11

what does team orientation consist of? (the big five)

Answer 11

an affinity for working with others - willingness to consider and accept feedback as well as assistance

Question 12

what are three supporting coordinating mechanisms for the big five?

Answer 12

shared mental models
closed-loop communication
mutual trust

Question 13

what is closed-loop communication?

Answer 13

exchange of information between sender and receiver

Question 14

what are shared mental models?

Answer 14

an accurate shared understanding of objectives, resources, constraints and roles among membranes

Question 15

what are the Stages of Team Development (Tuckman, 1965)

Answer 15

Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, Adjourning

Question 16

forming:

Answer 16

attempts to establish rapport and identify task parameters/how to accomplish task, discovery of acceptable behaviours/boundaries, emergence of leadership and orientation

Question 17

storming?

Answer 17

conflicts arise as members express differing opinions opinions or compete for roles

Question 18

Norming:

Answer 18

members of the team resolve their differences, group boundaries and common goal(s) established

Question 19

Performing:

Answer 19

team is performing to its full potential, mutual support and productive collaboration

Question 20

adjourning:

Answer 20

(added later) - team disbands after achieving for its objectives

Question 21

what are the three categories the Team Roles (Belbin, 1933) are divided into?

Answer 21

Action focused
Thought focused
People focused

Question 22

what are the three action focused team roles?

Answer 22

the shaper, the completer-finisher, the implementer

Question 23

what are the three thought focused team roles?

Answer 23

the plant, the monitor-evaluator, the specialist

Question 24

what are the three people focused team roles?

Answer 24

team worker, coordinator, resource investigator

Question 25

describe the shaper:

Answer 25

dynamic, driven, focused, keeps team moving and thrives under pressure can be challenging, insensitive, impatient and bad tempered

Question 26

describe the completer-finisher:

Answer 26

detail-oriented and conscientious, polishes and scrutinises work for errors perfectionist, can be overly anxious, reluctant to delegate

Question 27

describe the implementer:

Answer 27

practical, reliable, takes action, a good organiser may be inflexible and unresponsive to opportunities

Question 28

describe the plant:

Answer 28

a highly creative individual, unconventional problem-solver and ideas-generator might be absent-minded and forgetful, struggle with communication and ignore practicalities

Question 29

describe the monitor-evaluator:

Answer 29

logical, impartial, analytical tends to be overly critical and slow to make decisions

Question 30

describe the specialist:

Answer 30

contributes in-depth knowledge/skill in a key area, dedicated and focused contributes on a narrow front and can dwell on the technicalities

Question 31

describe the teamworker:

Answer 31

facilitates team cohesion, cooperative, diplomatic, good listener and maintains harmony can be indecisive under pressure, avoids confrontation and unpopular decisions

Question 32

describe the coordinator:

Answer 32

mature, confident, focuses on the team's objectives and delegates work effectively can be manipulative and might over-delegate, leaving themselves minimal work load

Question 33

describe the resource-investigator:

Answer 33

outgoing, enthusiastic, inquisitive, brings ideas back to the team can be over-optimistic, interest may wane and may forget to follow through