Techniques

Question 1

How is drawing and science connected?

Answer 1

Visualisation of anatomy, botanical etc.

Drawing is used to observe and understand the world – you get more focused

Question 2

What is a cartoon?

Answer 2

• Made after the composition study
• Full size of final artwork
• Usually made on paper with dry material (chalk, charcoal)
• Rarely made with pen

Question 3

What is squaring?

Answer 3

• Transfer drawing from one drawing support to another
• Drawing is divided into squares
• Drawing can be scaled up or down
• Content of each square is transferred to new drawing support

Question 4

When does the oldest found drawing date?

Answer 4

Cave paintings in France 21000 BCE

Question 5

What is the function of drawing?

Answer 5

Materialization of an idea – make an idea or observation more concrete – memorialize ideas/observation

Question 6

What are the three transfer methods?

Answer 6

• Squaring
• Put dry material on backside and draw to transfer
• Pricking/pouching holes on outline and dust chalk/charcoals over to leave a trace

Question 7

What did students learn in the drawing academy?

Answer 7

Outlines, perspective, anatomy, composition
Goal - learn to draw and push in social status

Question 8

What are three media used for drawing?

Answer 8

Chalk, charcoal, pastels

Question 9

What was the process in learning to draw in drawing academy?

Answer 9

• started with copying prints or other drawings
• copying 3 dimensional objects – sculptures, plaster casts
• drawing the live model – human figures

Question 10

What is a working drawing?

Answer 10

-study sketch/sheet, preparatory drawing

-fragments (details such as ears, eyes, hands etc.)

-a learning tool to master the human form

-can be used as reference in future drawings

-can be made of antique sculptures, animals, landscapes etc.

Question 11

What is an autonomous drawing?

Answer 11

Final drawing/artwork
Independent object

Question 12

What is a preparatory drawing/composition study?

Answer 12

• Made before the final artwork is made
• Can be simple outlines or very close to the final artwork

Question 13

Where and when was the first drawing academy?

Answer 13

In Florence, 1563, by Giorgio Vasari

Question 14

What is the difference between amateurs and professional drawers?

Answer 14

Amateurs draw for pleasure i.e. doesn’t make a living - draw for education. observational and analytical activity