Techno: Midterm

Question 1

is the systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting information about a market, potential customers, competitors and industry trends to reduce uncertainty in business and technology decisions.

Answer 1

Market research

Question 2

You are building the right product
For the right customer
At the right time

Answer 2

Market research

Question 3

Challenges in Tech Startup

Answer 3

-No real customer need
-Poor understanding of users
-Overestimating demand

Question 4

It is the process of dividing a large market into smaller, homogeneous groups of customers with similar needs, characteristics and buying behavior.

Answer 4

Market Segmentation

Question 5

You cannot serve everyone. ____ helps startups focus limited resources.

Answer 5

Segmentation

Question 6

Segmentation is Important for Technopreneurs

Answer 6

1. Tech products are often specialized
2. Engineers tend to focus on features, not users
3. Segmentation prevents wasting time and money

Question 7

True

Answer 7

A product for everyone is a product for no one.

Question 8

Types of Market Segmentation

Answer 8

1. Demographic Segmentation
2. Geographic Segmentation
3. Psychographic Segmentation
4. Behavioral Segmentation

Question 9

Based on measurable population characteristics.
Common variables:
- Age
- Gender
- Income
- Education
- Occupation

Answer 9

Demographic Segmentation

Question 10

Based on location.
Common Variables:
- Country
- Region
- City
- Urban vs rural
- Specific Location

Answer 10

Geographic Segmentation

Question 11

Based on lifestyle, values, attitudes, and interests.
Common Variables:
- Personality
- Lifestyle
- Social class
- Values

Answer 11

Psychographic Segmentation

Question 12

Based on how customers interact with a product.
Common Variables:
- Usage rate
- Brand loyalty
- Benefits sought
- User status

Answer 12

Behavioral Segmentation

Question 13

It is the process of understanding customer problems, needs, and behaviors before building a solution. Validate assumptions before investing heavily in development.

Answer 13

Customer Discovery

Question 14

A key concept in technopreneurship.

Answer 14

Problem-Solution Fit

Question 15

Problem-Solution Fit

Answer 15

• A real problem exists
• Business recognize the problem
• Your solution meaningfully addresses it

Question 16

is the process of checking if a business idea will work in the real market.

Answer 16

Customer Validation

Question 17

Entrepreneurs do this by asking important questions such as: ___? ___? And ___?

Answer 17

Customer Validation

Would you use this product? Would you pay for it? And How are you currently solving this problem?

Question 18

It helps confirm if customers are willing to use or pay for a product, if the solution meets their needs, and if the business model is realistic.

Answer 18

Customer Validation

Question 19

helps avoid building products that people do not need.

Answer 19

Customer Validation

Question 20

are customers who experience the problem strongly and actively look for better solutions.

Answer 20

Early Adopters

Question 21

They are open to using new technology and are usually the first to try new products.

Answer 21

Early Adopters

Question 22

include freelancers who started using digital wallets early and small businesses that adopted online POS systems before large companies.

Answer 22

Examples of early adopters

Question 23

are important because their feedback helps improve and refine the product before it is offered to the wider market.

Answer 23

Early Adopters

Question 24

“Users will like this”

Answer 24

Assumptions

Question 25

Assumptions vs Facts

Answer 25

Assumptions (“Users will like this”) Facts (Validated customer feedback)

Question 26

Validated customer feedback

Answer 26

Facts

Question 27

Types of Competitors

Answer 27

1. Direct Competitors 2. Indirect Competitors 3. Substitute Competitors

Question 27

is the process of identifying and evaluating competitors to understand their strengths, weaknesses and strategies.

Answer 27

Competitive Analysis

Question 28

Offer the same solution to the same problem. Example: -Grab vs Angkas -Shopee vs Lazada

Answer 28

Direct Competitors

Question 29

Offer different solutions to the same problem. Example: -Ride-hailing apps vs personal motorcycles -Online learning vs face-to-face review centers

Answer 29

Indirect Competitors

Question 30

Non-digital or traditional alternatives. Example: * Excel vs accounting software * Manual logbooks vs cloud-based systems

Answer 30

Substitute Competitors

Question 31

is a feature or capability that allows a business to outperform competitors.

Answer 31

Competitive Advantage

Question 32

__ explains why customers should choose you.

Answer 32

Differentiation Strategy _Differentiation

Question 33

Common sources of Competitive Advantage

Answer 33

* Lower cost * Better user experience * Unique technology * Strong brand * Network effects

Question 34

A simple comparison table showing the ff: * Price * Features * Target users * Strengths and weaknesses

Answer 34

Competitive Matrix

Question 35

Key Note:

Answer 35

* Competition is information, not a threat

Question 35

Key Note:

Answer 35

* Customers validate ideas, not founders

Question 36

is the complete plan of how a business creates value, delivers value and earns money from that value.

Answer 36

Business Model

Question 37

explains how your idea becomes income.

Answer 37

Business Model

Question 38

The benefit or improvement a customer receives from a product or service.

Answer 38

VALUE

Question 39

is the answer to the question: “__” to “__.”

Answer 39

VALUE __Why should I care? __This is worth paying for

Question 40

___ is NOT equal to price.

Answer 40

VALUE

Question 41

Value =

Answer 41

what customers gain

Question 41

Price =

Answer 41

what customers pay

Question 42

If value > price greater than

Answer 42

customer buys

Question 43

If value < price less than

Answer 43

customer rejects

Question 44

Many tech startups fail NOT because the technology is bad but ___.

Answer 44

because there is no clear way to make money

Question 45

Technology without a business model =

Answer 45

innovation without sustainability.

Question 46

Example of Application with business model:

Answer 46

- Netflix - Uber - Facebook

Question 47

Netflix

Answer 47

Subscription streaming model

Question 48

Uber

Answer 48

Platform-based commission model

Question 49

Facebook

Answer 49

Advertising revenue model

Question 50

True

Answer 50

The technology supports the business model — not the other way around.

Question 51

THE 9 BUILDING BLOCKS

Answer 51

1. Customer Segments 2. Value Proposition 3. Channels 4. Customer Relationships 5. Revenue Streams 6. Key Resources 7. Key Activities 8. Key Partners 9. Cost Structure

Question 52

Who are your target users?

Answer 52

Customer Segments

Question 53

What problem are you solving? - Good value propositions: Faster, Cheaper, More convenient, More secure, Automated

Answer 53

Value Proposition

Question 54

How do you reach customers? - App Store, Website, Social media, Direct sales, Partnerships

Answer 54

Channels

Question 55

How do you interact with customers? - Self-service, Chatbot, Personal technical support, Community forum, Subscription support

Answer 55

Customer Relationships

Question 56

How do you make money?

Answer 56

Revenue Streams

Question 57

What do you need? – Software, Servers, Developers, Patents, Data, Brand

Answer 57

Key Resources

Question 58

What must you do? – Coding, System maintenance, Marketing, R&D, Customer support

Answer 58

Key Activities

Question 59

Who helps you? -Cloud providers, Payment gateways, Hardware suppliers, Resellers Example: *Amazon Web Services for hosting * GCash for payment integration

Answer 59

Key Partners

Question 60

What are your major expenses? - Cloud hosting, Salaries, Marketing, Equipment, Licenses

Answer 60

Cost Structure

Question 61

the way your business earns money from each customer segment. One startup can have multiple revenue streams.

Answer 61

REVENUE STREAM

Question 62

COMMON REVENUE MODELS IN TECH

Answer 62

1. Subscription Model 2. Freemium Model 3. Advertising Model 4. Transaction Fee / Commission Model 5. Licensing Model 6. Hardware + Service Model

Question 63

Users pay monthly/yearly. Examples: Netflix and Spotify

Answer 63

Subscription Model

Question 64

Basic version = Free Premium version = Paid Example: Zoom Video Communications Good for Games and Educational Application.

Answer 64

Freemium Model

Question 65

Users free, Advertisers pay Example: YouTube Good for: Large user base, Social media, Content platforms

Answer 65

Advertising Model

Question 66

Platform takes percentage per transaction. Example: Shopee and Grab Good for: Marketplaces, Fintech, Booking systems

Answer 66

Transaction Fee / Commission Model

Question 67

Sell rights to use software or technology

Answer 67

Licensing Model

Question 68

Sell device + recurring service.

Answer 68

Hardware + Service Model

Question 69

CHOOSING THE RIGHT REVENUE MODEL

Answer 69

1. Who is willing to pay? 2. How often will they pay? 3. How much is their budget? 4. Is the solution critical or optional? 5. Is this scalable?

Question 70

is the process of turning an idea into a working solution that customers can use. In technopreneurship, product development must be fast, customer-focused, cost-efficient, iterative.

Answer 70

Product Development

Question 71

is the simplest version of a product that can be released to test if customers actually want it.

Answer 71

MVP Minimum Viable Product.

Question 71

MVP

Answer 71

Minimum Viable Product

Question 72

Importance of MVP

Answer 72

In startups : Speed > Perfection

Question 73

Importance of MVP MVP allows you to:

Answer 73

*Test assumptions *Reduce risk *Save money *Validate market demand

Question 74

Market Validation

Answer 74

MVP

Question 75

Internal Testing

Answer 75

PROTOTYPE

Question 76

Full Market Launch

Answer 76

FINAL PRODUCT

Question 77

Famous MVP Examples

Answer 77

1. Dropbox started with a demo video explaining the concept before building full software. 2. Facebook initially launched only for Harvard students. They tested demand before scaling.

Question 78

is a development approach that focuses on flexibility, teamwork, and continuous improvement.

Answer 78

Agile

Question 79

Instead of building everything at once, teams work in short cycles, improve step by step, and adjust based on feedback from users.

Answer 79

Agile

Question 80

It values customer input, quick testing, and the ability to adapt to change.

Answer 80

Agile

Question 81

Agile began with the __ in __

Answer 81

__Agile Manifesto _2001

Question 82

is widely used today because it helps teams deliver better products faster.

Answer 82

Agile

Question 83

Traditional

Answer 83

-Long planning phase (Waterfall) -Development done once -Testing at the end -Risk of late failure

Question 84

Short daily progress meeting

Answer 84

Stand-up Meeting

Question 84

Agile

Answer 84

-Short cycles (sprints) -Frequent testing -Customer feedback -Continuous adjustment

Question 85

Agile Concepts

Answer 85

1. Sprint 2. Backlog 3. Iteration 4. Stand-up Meeting

Question 86

List of features/tasks to develop

Answer 86

Backlog

Question 87

Short development cycle (1–4 weeks)

Answer 87

Sprint

Question 87

Why __ is Important in Technopreneurship __ is important in technopreneurship because change is constant.

Answer 87

Agile

Question 88

Why Agile is Important in Technopreneurship

Answer 88

In technology-based businesses, requirements often change, market feedback can shift the direction of a product, and new technologies continue to evolve. At the same time, user expectations keep increasing. Because of these uncertainties, startups cannot rely on rigid and long-term plans.

Question 88

Repeated improvements

Answer 88

Iteration

Question 89

is creating an early model of your product to test functionality or design.

Answer 89

Prototyping

Question 90

___ allows teams to adapt quickly, improve their product step by step, and respond to real-world feedback. This flexibility helps technopreneurs reduce risk, save time, and build solutions that truly meet customer needs.

Answer 90

Agile

Question 91

It helps visualize ideas, detect problems early, get feedback and improve usability.

Answer 91

Prototyping

Question 92

Types of Prototypes

Answer 92

1. Low-Fidelity Prototype 2. High-Fidelity Prototype

Question 93

Concept validation EX. Paper sketches, Wireframes, Simple diagrams

Answer 93

Low-Fidelity Prototype

Question 94

Usability testing EX. Clickable app mockups, Functional system, Working hardware demo

Answer 94

High-Fidelity Prototype

Question 95

Why Prototyping is Critical?

Answer 95

- Technopreneur assume users will understand their system but in reality users get confused. Goal to reveal the ff. - User Interface problems - Logic errors - Usability issues - Hardware flaws

Question 96

Do not fall in love with building everything.

Answer 96

Fall in love with solving real problems, testing early and to improve continuously