Personal CV > TEE > Flashcards

TEE Flashcards

(54 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

What produces medical ultra sound?

A

-Piezoelectric Crystals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What causes the Piezoelectrical crystals to vibrate?

A

-High frequency alternating electric current

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ultrasound can interact with tissue in what 4 ways?

A
  • Reflection
  • Refraction
  • Scattering
  • Attenuation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the trade off when selecting a frequency?

A

-Resolution or depth of penetration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Higher frequencies have what advantage/disadvantage?

A
  • Better resolution

- Less depth of penetration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does Doppler echocardiography work?

A

-Ultrasound scattered from blood cells measures velocity and direction of blood flow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Doppler accuracy requires the angle between blood flow and ultrasound to be less than what?

A

20 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe M mode

A
  • Pulses of a single, linear beam

- Plotted on a graph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is M mode useful for?

A
  • Timing of the cardiac cycle

- Detection of high frequency oscillating motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

High frequency detection of oscillating motion of M mode can detect what?

A

-Vibrating vegitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe 2D Mode

A
  • Rapidly moving beam through a plane

- Multiple scan lines displayed simultaneously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is frame rate?

A

-Number of 2D images displayed per second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the frame rate for 2D mode

A

30-60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does 2D detect?

A

Motion in the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does Pulsed Wave Doppler mode measure?

A

-Velocity and direction of blood in a specific location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Velocity and direction of blood in a specific location is called what?

A

Sample volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe the pulsed wave doppler mode

A
  • One transducer to send and receive signals
  • Limited velocity measurement (1.5-2m/sec)
  • Further from the probe, less velocity it can measure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

With a pulsed wave doppler, if the velocity is is above the baseline which way is it moving?

A

toward the transducer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does continuous wave doppler measure?

A

-velocity and direction along the line of site of the beam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How many transducer does continuous doppler use and what do they do??

A

-2, one for continuously sending and one for continuously receving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the pulse wave do that the continuous wave cannot?

A

-Measure depth (range ambiguity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What problem of PWD does CWD overcome?

Study These Flashcards
A

-No limits on maximum velocity

23
Q

Why use CWD over PWD?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • To measure velocity too high for PWD

- Aortic / Mitral Stenosis

24
Q

Explain Color flow doppler

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Form of PWD

- Superimposes velocity info on 2D image

25
What Mode allows for the location and timing of flow disturbances to easily be seen?
Color flow doppler
26
Name the colors in the colors flow mode and what they represent.
- Red = towards transducer - Blue = Away from transducer - Green = Turbulent flow
27
What is a mosaic pattern seen in color flow doppler?
- Flow with a velocity too high that color flow cannot accurately depict - Appears as mixture of red and blue
28
What is a variance map?
-When turbulent flow is added to color flow doppler and represented by the color green
29
In color flow doppler when does the image become jerky?
Less than 15 frames per second
30
What does tissue doppler do?
Measure velocity of tissue motion
31
What 2 modes are forms of PWD and have the same speed limitations?
- Color Flow | - Tissue doppler
32
Most common application for tissue doppler?
-Mitral annular motion which assess LV systolic function
33
What are two less common applications for tissue doppler?
- Strain (Tissue deformation) | - Strain rate (rate of deformation)
34
Patient history that contraindicates TEE.
- Dysphagia - Odynphagia - Mediastinal radiation - Upp GI surgery/Bleeding - Thoracic Aortic aneurysm
35
Esophageal pathology that contraindicates TEE
- Stricture - Tumor - Diverticulim - Varices - Esophagitis - Chest trauma
36
Complications of TEE
- Dental injury - Laryngeal dysfunction - Aspiration - ETT displacement - Bronchial / Aortic compression in infants - GI bleed - Phaynx / esophagus perf
37
Transducer frequency is adjusted to provide _______ frequency and _________ depth of penetration.
Highest | Adequate
38
Where should the image depth be centered?
To the center of the structure being examined
39
Image gain and dynamic range should be adjusted to what?
- Black blood | - Gray tissues
40
What should be adjusted to provide uniform brightness in near and far fields?
-Time gain compensation
41
What eliminates background noise?
CFD gain
42
Where would the probe be place for a mid-esophageal view?
-Posterior to the Left Atrium
43
What can be viewed with ME view?
-All cardiac chambers and valves
44
How are transgastric views obtained?
-Probe into stomach with view superiorly to heart.
45
What structures are viewed with TG view?
- Both ventricles | - Mitral and tricuspid valves
46
In TG, if you line up view parallel to to flow you can see what 2 things?
- Left ventricular out flow tract | - Aortic valve
47
In the upper esophageal view, where is the probe placed?
-Level of the aortic arch
48
What can be examined with UE view?
- Pulmonary artery | - Pulmonic valve
49
What is the normal LV size? and where is it best measured?
- Women < 5.4 cm - Men < 6.0 cm - ME or TG 2 chamber
50
What is normal thickness for LV wall and where is it best measured?
- < 1.2 cm | - TG mid SAX
51
What is the 2D equivalent of ejection fraction? And what is normal?
- Functional area change | - >0.5
52
Left global function and Functional area change (EF) is best viewed with what?
-TG mid SAX
53
Qualitative assessment if LV function is performed how?
-Considering all views of LV and estimating ejection fraction
54
What is normal estimated ejection fraction (EEF)
- >55%
Personal CV
flashcards
Decks in class (8)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions