Teeth

Question 1

What is the diastema in farm animals and rabbits (interdental space in equine)

Answer 1

The physiological gap between the incisors and premolars

Question 2

What is the difference between brachydont teeth and hypsodont teeth?

Answer 2

Brachydont - smaller and low crowned, suitable for feeding on soft diet; dogs, cats, ferrets, and pigs etc
–> Have a true root
Hypsodont - a larger and longer crown, can resist wear and tear of feeding on tough and fibrous diet; ungulates, horses, tusks of pigs(canine teeth)

Question 3

Explain open and closed roots of hypsodont teeth

Answer 3

Closed - radicular, continuously erupting but not growing
Eventually form a true root
Open - aradicular, continuously growing

Question 4

Identify the three hard tissues of a tooth

Answer 4

1) Enamel
2) Dentin
3) Cementum

Question 5

What are the three types of dentin, and when are they formed?

Answer 5

Primary - formed before tooth eruption
Secondary - forms at the periphery of the exposed pulp cavity
Tertiary - formed in response to external stimuli

Question 6

The tooth is anchored by its root in a socket of bone called _____

Answer 6

alveolar bone (alveolus)

Question 7

What is the thin shell of dense bone lining the alveoli called?

Answer 7

Lamina dura / cribriform plate

Question 8

Describe the structure of enamel

Answer 8

Very mineralised
No nerve or blood supply
Acellular
Composed of long, slender rods and produced by ameloblasts

Question 9

Why is equine cementum unique?

Answer 9

It is vascular and innervated - deposition continues throughout the life of the tooth

Question 10

What is dental pulp?

Answer 10

Soft tissue with nerves, vessels, lymphatics

Question 11

List some functions of the connective tissue periodontium

Answer 11

-Supporting the tooth
-Protection against oral microflora
-Attachment of the tooth to the bone

Question 12

Which 4 defined structures are periodontal tissues?

Answer 12

1) Gingiva
2) Cementum
3) Alveolar bone
4) Periodontal ligament

Question 13

What is the gingiva/gums?

Answer 13

Keratinized oral mucosa, covering the alveolar processes of the jaws, encircling the necks of erupted teeth

Question 14

Name for the borderline between the crown and the roots (CEJ)

Answer 14

Cementoenamel junction

Question 15

Name the two types of gingiva

Answer 15

Attached and Free

Question 16

Vestibular surface

Answer 16

Facing the vestibule or lips (labial for canines, buccal for premolars)

Question 17

Lingual surface of the maxillary or mandibular tooth

Answer 17

Faces the tongue

Question 18

Palatal surface

Answer 18

refers to the lingual surface of the maxillary teeth

Question 19

What is the name of the surface that is the portion of the tooth that comes in
contact or faces the tooth in the opposite (PM, M)

Answer 19

Occlusal surface

Question 20

Coronal is used as a term relating to the ____ surface

Answer 20

Occlusal, (crown of the tooth)

Question 21

Apical

Answer 21

Toward the apex (root) of the tooth

Question 22

What term refers to the surfaces of the tooth facing the next tooth in the same row?

Answer 22

Interproximal

Question 23

Mesial

Answer 23

Surface of incisor teeth, toward the middle/medial plane of the mouth

Question 24

Distal

Answer 24

Surface of incisor teeth, away from the middle/medial plane of the mouth

Question 25

What is special about pig canines?

Answer 25

Continuously grow (tusks)

Question 26

Describe the roots of the dog teeth

Answer 26

1 root = incisors and canines, PM1s, lower M3 2 roots = premolars and molars 3 roots = Upper PM4, M1, M2

Question 27

What is the dental pad in ruminant teeth?

Answer 27

Thick horny epithelium covering a later of fibrous connective tissue

Question 28

Do horse teeth have brachydont or hypsodont teeth?

Answer 28

Hypsodont

Question 29

Only a thin plate of alveolar bone separates the molars from the sinus. What does this increase the risk of?

Answer 29

Infection may easily spread to the sinus from the tooth or alveolar abscesses

Question 30

What is an infundibulum, typically found in horses?

Answer 30

A funnel-shaped depression or cup on the chewing surface of certain teeth (Looks like a dark mark, because food gets packed inside and turns black as it decays)

Question 31

Both incisors and cheek teeth in rabbits are ____

Answer 31

Aradicular hypsodont

Question 32

Upper teeth blood supply comes from the ______ artery

Answer 32

Infraorbital

Question 33

Lower teeth are supplied by the ____ (blood)

Answer 33

Inferior Alveola Artery (IAA)

Question 34

Which nerve supplies the sensory innervation of the teeth through its maxillary and mandibular divisions?

Answer 34

Trigeminal nerve

Question 35

Upper incisor teeth are innervated by _____ which runs in the _____ canal

Answer 35

Infraorbital nerve, infraorbital

Question 36

Mandibular teeth are supplied by ______ which runs in the mandibular canal

Answer 36

Inferior alveolar